APUSH Ch. 3 Vocab

Virginia Company

Company chartered by James l in 1606 to establish an English settlement in America. The settlement, Jamestown, was founded in 1607

Jamestown

The first permanent English colony in America. It was established in Virginia during 1607. The colonists experienced famine,disease,weather, and several conflicts with Native Americans. It would grow and expand until it became the capital of the Virginia Colony (1607-1698)

John Smith

English explorer that took control of Jamestown as a young man. He organized the colony and saved many people from death the next winter by training colonists how to farm and fish. He coined the phrase,’ He who shall not work, shall not eat’. He also initiated attacks on the natives

Pocahontas

American Indian, daughter of Powhatan, an Alonquian chief in Virginia. She supposedly saved John Smith from death at the hands of her father. She occasionally brought food to the hungry settlers. She also helped negotiate the release of Powhatan prisoners in 1608. Although she was a successful emissary, relations between the colonists and Native Americans Remained strained. In 1612 she was seized as a hostage by the English, and she later married John Rolfe

Powhatan

Father of Pocahontas and the chief of the Alonquian people. Attempted to ally himself with the colonists through ceremonies, peace charters, corn, trade, trade, and others. He facilitated the cultural exchange between colonists and Indians

Starving Time

The winter of 1609-1610 in Jamestown. This was caused by disease,violence,drought,a meager harvest followed by a harsh winter, and poor drinking water.Left many colonists dead come spring

John Rolfe

An English settler of Jamestown that eventually married Pocahontas. He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export (1612). This discovery made Virginia an economically successful colony. He died in a Pequot attack in 1622

Headright System

A land grant program designed to attract settlers. It was established in Jamestown, Virginia by the Virginia Company in 1618. Tracts of land called ‘headrights’ were offered to settlers who would come and work. The typica headright was 50 acres

Separatists

English protestant movement in the 1500s and 1600s were members would not accept allegiance in any form to the church of England. This group founded the Plymouth colony in 1620 and formed the first government with the mayflower compact

Plymouth

Settlement established in 1630, named by John Smith; it was located in Cape Cod of Massachusetts. They saw the scape from a religious persecution in England.

Pilgrims

A form of separatist, who sought to completely break away from the Church of England. They immigrated to the Americas on the mayflower to find a safe haven.

William Bradford

A pilgrim, the second governor of Plymouth colony from 1621 to 1657. He developed private land ownership and help colonist get out of debt. He at the county survive, droughts, crop failures, and Indiana attacks

Mayflower Compact

The first agreement for self government in America, established in 1620. It was signed by the 41 man on the mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.

Massachusetts Bay Company

Joint stock company, chartered by Charles the first in 1629 to promote the settlement of the new territory. It was controlled by nine separatist, who took the charter with them to New England, and, in fact, converted it to a written constitution for the colony.

Puritans

Non-separatist who wish to accept reforms to purify the church of England. They receive the right to settle in the Massachusetts bay area from the king of England.

John Winthrop

Governor of Massachusetts bay colony from 1588 to 1649 that was instrumental in forming the colonies government and shaping its legislative policy. He envision the colony as a “city upon a hill”, from which Puritans with spread religious righteousness throughout the world.

‘city upon a hill'“

Division by John Winthrop of the Massachusetts bay colony in the present day

Harvard College

College founded from a grant by the Massachusetts general court in 1636 followed Puritan beliefs in its original purpose, was to train ministers

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Constitution established by the Connecticut river colony settlers in 1639 to create a democratic government. It was the first constitution in the colonies, and was the beginning for the other states charters and constitutions.

Roger Williams

A separatist leader, in the founder of the colony of Providence plantations, which became Rhode Island. He believed in the freedom of conscience: the belief that one’s thoughts and views are independent of others ideas.

Anne Hutchinson

Puritan woman who was well learned the disagreed with the Puritan church in the Massachusetts bay colony. Her actions resulted in her, banishment from the colony, and later, took part in the formation of Rhode Island.

Halfway Covenant

A Puritan church document that in 1662 allow partial membership rates to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church. It wasn’t the difference between the elect members of the church from the regular members.

Proprietary Colony

A colony in which one or more individuals retained ownership to the states sanctions most run under a colonial charter agreement. Examples of these would be Maryland and Pennsylvania.

George Calvert

Catholic no woman that was grand control of land by the Chesapeake Bay for his lol service to the king and 1632 he established the colony of Maryland. He has our great wealth and create a haven for his fellow Catholics.

Maryland Tolderation Act

Past and 1649 to get religious freedom to Christians, it paved the way for freedom of religion in America

Henry Hudson

English explore that while working to find a northwest passage sailed up the Hudson river and establish dutches claims for new Amsterdam and 1609

Patroons

Dutch federal states front in the Hudson River in the early 1600s these were Greenwich promoters who would settle 50 people on them

William Penn

In English quaker that founded Pennsylvania in 1682 after receiving a charter from King Charles, the second the year before, he launched the colony as a holy experiment based on religious tolerance

Quakers

Radical protestant sect also known as the society of friends; wanted to restore the simplicity in spirituality of early Christianity. Pennsylvania was a refuge for them from the 17th century to present day.

James Oglethorpe

British general philanthropist and founder of the colony of Georgia. He hoped to reset all Britain’s poor.

Charter of liberties

Charter form in New York, that outlines the rights of inhabitants and how the political structure was going to work: only male landowners could vote in voting was held every three years form in 1683

Where did African slaves first land in the US?

Point comfort in Hampton, Virginia

Indentured servants

People whose passage was paid for, and an exchange, they came to the colonies to work for the person who paid the passage for a set number of years, mostly six or seven

Pequot War

Conflict between an alliance of the Massachusetts bay and Plymouth colonies, and Indian allies against the pecquote Indians, in 1637 this War saw, the elimination of the pecquot Indians in New England

Mestizo

Term used for people of mixed European and Indian heritage

King Philips war

In 1675 this was a series of battles in New Hampshire in between the colonist, and the Wampanoags led by Netcom, a chief also known as King Philip began when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians

Bacons rebellion

Uprising that took place in colonial Virginia from 1675 to 1677. Nathaniel bacon, and his army, a farmers indentured, servants and slaves attack Jamestown and demanded the governors resignati

Samuel de Champlain

Father of new France. He was a french navigator, cartographer soldier, explore and geographer. He found a new France and Quebec city in 1608. He also developed the first accurate map of the coast in Canada which how many settlements of Canada

Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette

The first Europeans to explore in map of the Mississippi river in 1673

Robert de la Salle

French explorer who is best known for his expeditions in North America during the late 17th century, LA Salle explored the great lakes region, and the Mississippi river claiming these for French

Pierre d’Ibreville

Explore commissioned in 1698 to scout the mouth of the Mississippi delta thought that came to be known as Biloxi explored of the Mississippi until he found a trail connecting the Mississippi to Lake Pontchartrain

Jean Baptiste de Bienville

The Iberville‘s younger brother that expanded the colony built a colony named New Orleans on the land between the Mississippi and Lake Pontchartrain in 1718