World Cultures Test #2 Review

BG: Rigveda

Knowledge of hymns

BG: Samaveda

Knowledge of chants

BG: Yajurveda

Knowledge of sacrificial formulas

BG: Atharvaveda

Knowledge of fire-priest

BG: Brahma (God)

Creator

BG: Vishnu (God)

Preserver

BG: Shiva

Destroyer/creator

BG: Samsara

endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth

BG: Atman

Inner self and soul, diving

BG: Maya

Illusion that conceals the true nature of reality

BG: Brahman

Supreme consciousness and ultimate reality, atman = brahman because everything is a part of it

BG: Karma

The moral law of cause and effect

BG: Moksha

Liberation of samsara

BG: Four goals of hinduism: Moksha

No more samsara

BG: Four goals of hinduism: Dharma

Cosmic law underlying right behavior and social law

BG: Four goals of hinduism: Arta

Wealth

BG: Four goals of hinduism: Kama

Desire

Odyssey: Aoidoi

Oral poets and professional singers

Odyssey: Homers dactylic hexameter

Rhythmic pattern used when chanting orally

Odyssey: Demographic cause

Population pressure

Odyssey: Economiccause

New trade routes

Odyssey: Political cause

Pressure, competition of elites for wealth of city states

Odyssey: Xenia

Hospitality

Odyssey: Nostos

Homecoming

Odyssey: Arete

Excellence, virtue

Odyssey: Structural Analysis and important steps

Vladimir Propps, Difficult return home and reward

Ancient Greek: Skene

Scenery building where props, costumes, and actors are prepared

Ancient Greek: Proskenion

Front of skene where scene settings are erected for performances

Ancient Greek: Parados

Side entry corridors for audience and chorus

Ancient Greek: Aeschylus 

A playwright and poet, directed plays

Ancient Greek: Historical Context Gov

Starting Democracy

Ancient Greek: Persian wars

Athens evacuated and destroyed, lead to victory by general Themistocles, Athens built naval supremacy

Ancient Greek: Peloponnesian Wars

Sparta and Athens

Ancient Greek: Historical Context Power

Lessening aristocratic power and increasing democratic power

• changed city-state relationships

• Stress on families because conflicts over citizenship

City Dionysia: Social Institutions

• Actions/symbols/etc. to build social cohesion

• Served to create and REINFORCE RELATIONSHIP between PEOPLE and STATE

City Dionysia: Civic Integration, Liturgy

• Wealth leveling mechanism where state would select individual wealthy citizens to pay for annual ritual

City Dionysia: Civic Integration, Liturgy, Choregos

An individual chosen to sponsor one of the three choruses of a tragic poetry competition

Aeschylus’ Oresteia in Context: Delian League

Athens needed to raise naval army, people donate money or ships, donated too much money and not enough ships, Athens became a money powerhouse

Aeschylus’ Oresteia in Context: Thucydides

Peloponnesian war general and historian

Aeschylus’ Oresteia in Context: Pericles

Statesman, notable general during Persian wars

Aeschylus’ Oresteia in Context: Archonship of Ephialtes

• Reformation of Areopagus (court, Hill of Ares)

• Instituted pay for public offices

• HELPED MOVE ATHENS TOWARD DEMOCRACY