PE: First Aid Test

LFA GR 10

Ages for First aid

Adult = 8+

child = 1-8

infant = less than 1

Objectives of First Aid

1) Preserve life (life over living)

2) Prevent further injury

3) Promote recovery

Legal and regulatory issues

1. no legal duty to respond, except in Quebec

2. ALWAYS identify self and get consent

3. Use reasonable skill and care

4. Do not be negligent

5. do not abandon the casualty if u say you’d help

Preventing Infections

1) hand washing/ hand sanitizer

2) lessen mouth to mouth contact

3) Personal protective equipment (gloves + mask)

4) take care when handling sharp objects

5) maintain immunizations (tetanus/ hepatitis)

Communication

1. communicate with casualty

2. bystanders

3. other first aiders

4. other professionals (hydro services, EMS providers)

Four steps in ESM

1. Scene Survey

2. Primary Survey

3. Secondary Survey

4. Ongoing casualty care

Scene Survey

1. take charge

2. call out help from bystandards

3. assess hazards and make safe area

4. find out history behind emergency + how many casualties and reasons for them

5. Identify self as first aider and offer help + GET CONSENT

6. assess responsiveness

Primary Survey

1. check for open AIRWAY

2. do they have effective BREATHING

3. do they have CIRCULATION (is their blood moving okay, check skin for shock)

Secondary Survey

Sample history, vital signs, detailed head to toe (usually not done)

Ongoing Casualty Care

1. Position casualty

2. reassess casualty

3. keep them warm

4. record anything found

5. Prepare a report

What to say when calling EMS

say the location, age, and injury