Motor Learning and Performance: In-Depth Notes

what is motor learning

permanent change

what is motor performance

non-permanent change

what are the 3 parts of defining skills

purposeful

maximum certainty

minimization

what is maximum certainity

person and produce the skill reliably, on demand

what is minimization

conceiving physical and mental energy required for performance as well as time

parts of classifying skills

discrete

continuous

serial skill

what is discrete

skill with clear beginning and end

what is continuous

skill that is made up of the same movement repeated

what is serial skill

skill that is made up of several discrete skills put together

what is observational practice

learning through observation

what is the practical applications of observational practice

students work in pairs alternating between physical and observational practice

what is internal focus of attention

directing attention to the individual body movements and referring to body parts

what is external focus of attention

directing attention to the effect of the individuals movement on environment

internal focus and the constrained action hypothesis

promotes conscious processing

external focus and the constrained action hypothesis

promote automatic/unconscious processes

what are the factors influencing motor skill learning

observational practice, the learners focus of attention, feedback

what is feedback

information about performance or errors

what is intrinsic (inherent) feedback

sensory information the arises naturally when a skill is performed

what is extrinsic (augmented) feedback

information proved to the learner from external sources

what is knowledge of results (KR)

feedback on the movements outcome

what is knowledge of performance (KP)

feedback on the quality of movement

how much feedback to give

single, fundamental error and provide feedback on that

when to give feedback

not immediately wait a bit

what feedback to give

descriptive:

prescriptive:

error. estimation

what s descriptive KP

describes the error made

what is prescriptive KP

identifies error and how to fix it

what is error estimation

ask perform to evaluate movement then provided KP

what is normative feedbakc

learner gains information about performance in addition to a peer groups performance

what is motivational function of feedback

provide KP that challenges learners to progreess