Chapter 5: Health Promotion of Preschoolers (3 to 6 Years)

What is the expected weight gain for preschoolers per year?

Preschoolers should gain about 2 to 3 kg (4.5 to 6.5 lb) per year.

What is the expected height growth for preschoolers per year?

Preschoolers should grow about 6.4 to 9 cm (2.5 to 3.5 in) per year.

What are two fine motor skills expected of a 3-year-old?

Strings beads together, puts on some clothes independently.

What is a key developmental milestone for 4-year-olds in terms of social skills?

Pretends to be something else during play.

What stage of cognitive development do preschoolers fall under according to Piaget?

Preoperational phase.

What notable change occurs in preschoolers' body image by age 5?

They begin comparing themselves with peers.

What percentage of caloric intake should total fat represent for preschoolers?

Total fat should be 30% of total caloric intake over several days.

What is the recommended amount of sleep for preschoolers?

On average, preschoolers need about 12 hours of sleep per day.

What immunization is recommended for preschoolers aged 3 to 6 according to the CDC?

Yearly seasonal influenza vaccine.

What is a common dental health recommendation for preschoolers?

Parents should assist and supervise brushing and flossing.

Name two pedestrian safety rules preschoolers should be taught.

Stand back from curb while waiting to cross the street; look left, then right, then left again before crossing.

What emotional challenge do preschoolers face according to Erikson's stage of initiative vs. guilt?

Guilt can occur when they believe they have misbehaved or cannot accomplish a task.

Identify one cognitive development concept for preschool-age children.

Vocabulary increases to more than 2,100 words by the end of the fifth year.

What is an appropriate activity for preschoolers that promotes creativity?

Painting.

What should caregivers do to minimize night-time fears in preschoolers?

Use a night light in the room and reassure them if they are frightened.