SDGs and Philippine Health System - Practice Flashcards

Question and answer flashcards covering SDGs, SDG3 targets, the Philippine health system, governance, financing, and health agenda topics from the notes.

When were the Sustainable Development Goals adopted and how many goals are there?

Adopted in 2015 by all United Nations Member States; there are 17 SDGs.

What is SDG 3 called and what is its aim?

SDG 3 is 'Good Health and Well-Being' and aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.

List three major global consequences of COVID-19 that threatened SDG 3 progress by mid-2022.

Disrupted essential health services; increased anxiety and depression; lowered global life expectancy; derailed progress on HIV, TB, and malaria; halted progress toward universal health coverage; immunization coverage dropped.

What is SDG Target 3.1?

Reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births.

What maternal mortality rate did the Philippines report in 2021?

189.21 deaths per 100,000 live births.

What trend occurred in the Philippines' spending on reproductive health from 2018 to 2021?

Spending decreased from 15.8% in 2018 to 8.3% in 2021.

What is SDG Target 3.2?

End preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age.

What was the Philippines' infant mortality rate in 2022?

17.968 deaths per 1,000 live births (a 2.31% decline from 2021).

What is SDG Target 3.3?

End epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases; combat hepatitis and water-borne diseases.

As of January 2023, how many HIV cases were reported in the Philippines?

110,736 cases.

Where does the Philippines rank in global TB incidence, and what portion of the global total does it represent?

Ranks fourth worldwide; about 7% of the global TB total.

What are some TB risk factors prevalent in the Philippines?

Poverty; poor nutrition; crowded and poorly ventilated environments; smoking; alcohol use disorders; HIV; diabetes.

What is the Philippine Acceleration Plan for TB trying to achieve?

A whole-of-system, whole-of-government, and whole-of-society approach coordinating DOH with other national agencies.

What was the 2022 malaria situation in the Philippines?

Malaria cases decreased by 25.7% from 2021 (4,297 to 3,192); 2022 had no reported deaths; Palawan remains the only province not malaria-free.

What are the main economic and demographic context factors for the PH health system?

Low-middle-income; agriculture is major; manufacturing declined; OFW is a major income source; GDP per capita around $3,623 in 2022.

How is health governance structured in the Philippines under the political context?

Executive branch with national agencies and LGUs; Legislative branch approves budgets; Judiciary handles legal disputes.

What is the total Philippine population and its growth rate as of 2023?

117,337,368 people; growth rate of 1.54%.

What is the fertility rate in 2023 for the Philippines?

Approximately 2.454 births per woman.

What was the 2021 crude death rate in the Philippines?

Total deaths were 879,429 in 2021, corresponding to a crude death rate of about 8.0 per 1,000 population.

What is the 2020 WHO life expectancy data for the Philippines?

Male 67.4 years, Female 73.6 years, total 70.4 years; global rank around 119.

What is the concept of a Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY)?

DALY represents the loss of one year of healthy life; DALYs = years of life lost (YLLs) + years lost due to disability (YLDs).

What is RA 7160 and what does it do?

The Local Government Code of 1991; decentralizes governance, granting autonomy to LGUs and outlining powers, responsibilities, and resources.

What is RA 9271 and what does it do?

Quarantine Act of 2004; strengthens DOH regulatory capacity in quarantine and international health surveillance.

What are major constraints in accessing essential drugs in the PH health system?

Limited availability; irrational use; high cost; LGUs must budget; aggressive marketing by big firms; limited incentives for prescribers/dispensers; patent issues and lack of education on generics.

What is the Philippine Health Agenda slogan and its target year?

'ALL FOR HEALTH, TOWARDS HEALTH FOR ALL' aiming for health improvements by 2022.

Which national plans align with the Philippine Health Agenda?

Philippine Development Plan 2017–2022; NEDA AmBisyon Natin 2040; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030.