CH 3: The Integumentary System (Dermatology)- McGraw Hill med language

3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated with the integumentary system. 3.2 Translate the Subjective terms associated with the integumentary system. 3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated with the integumentary system. 3.4 Translate the Assessment terms associated with the integumentary system. 3.5 Translate the Plan terms associated with the integumentary system. 3.6 Use abbreviations associated with the integumentary system. 3.7 Distinguish terms associated with the integumentary system in the context of electronic health records.

Skin serves as protection to the body.

• First line defense from germs and irritants

• First point of contact with its surroundings

The integumentary system is made up of

• Skin

• Hair

• Nerves

• Glands

• Nails

Skin

1. Epidermis:

• Made up of squamous cells.

2. Dermis:

• Made up of a few cells and many thick fibers

• Strong and flexible

• Contains hair follicles, nerves, and glands

Hair Follicles

• Hold the hair into the dermis

• Nourish the hair

Nerves

• Detect pressure, temperature, and pain

Glands

• Sweat glands release sweat

• Sebaceous glands secrete sebum (oil)

Nails

• Protect fingers and toes

• Provide base for movement

adip/o, lip/o, steat/o

fat

cutaneo/o, derm/o, dermat/o

skin

pil/o, trich/o

hair

hidr/o

sweat

squam/o

scale

onych/o, ungu/o

nail

seb/o, sebace/o

oil

Word parts for: Unusual skin texture

• Kerato-

• Xero-

• Crypto-

Word parts for: Unusual skin color

• Leuko-

• Erythro-

• Xantho-

• Melano-

Skin color is the result of?

amount of melanin produced

Subjective terms are those that the patient reports to the health care provider

*A common complaint in regard to the skin is a new rash

• Dermatalgia/dermatodynia

• Pruritus

• Urticaria

• Seborrhea

• Xerosis

• Macerate

• Hyperhidrosis

• Anhidrosis.

Subjective terms that describe a change from normal skin color

• Depigmentation

• Hypermelanosis

Subjective terms associated with hair problems

• alopecia

• hypertrichosis

Objective terms are used by the practitioner to describe what he or she detects

Description of the rash includes:

• Location

• Size

• Color

• Texture

• Filling of the rash (pustules)

• Location of a rash

• Localised versus generalised.

Spreading:

• Centrifugal versus centripetal.

Presence of bumps and their size:

• Papules (< 1cm)

• Nodules (> 1cm)

• Plaques are large and flat

• Tumors

Bumps that are filled with fluid:

• Vesicles are < 1cm and filled with clear fluid

• Bullae are > 1cm and filled with clear fluid

• Pustules are filled with pus.

• Abscesses are large pustules

Flat Spots

• Freckles are small, flat spots called macules

• Large macules are called patches

Skin conditions caused by blood vessels (vascular lesions): Collection of blood vessels

• Cherry angioma – raised

• Telangiectasia – flat

Skin conditions caused by blood vessels (vascular lesions): Bruises

• Petechiae – small

• Ecchymosis – large.

Burn Injuries

Caused by exposure to a harmful agent—heat, radiation, chemicals, electricity, or friction.

Categorised based on level of trauma. (least to most severe)

• First-degree

• Second-degree

• Third-degree

• Fourth-degree

Diagnostic procedures: Skin biopsy

• Excisional

• Shave

• Punch

Diagnostic procedures: scar formations

• cicatrix

• keloid

Diagnostic procedures: epidermal tumors

• Nevus

• Dysplastic nevus

• Verruca

Diagnostic Procedures

• Culture and sensitivity

• Biopsy (Bx)

• Excisional vs. Incisional biopsy

• Dermatoscope

• Dermoscopy

Pathological Findings

• Adipocele

• Dermatofibroma

• Erythrocyanosis

• Keratogenic

• Keratosis

• Necrosis

• Pachyderma

• Steatoma

• Xanthoma

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Skin

• infections

• inflammations

• Tumours

• Changes in the skin

• Decubitus ulcer

• Dermatosis

• Dermopathy

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Hair

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Nails

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Fungal Infections

• Mycosis

• Dermatomycosis

• Mycodermatitis

• Onychomycosis

• Tinea

• Trichomycosis

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Misc. Infections

• Acne vulgaris

• Hidradenitis

• Impetigo

• Onychodystrophy.

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Tumours

Malignant cutaneous neoplasms:

• Basal cell carcinoma

• Malignant melanoma

• Squamous cell carcinoma

Benign skin tumors:

• Actinic keratosis

• Hidradenoma

Assessment terms (diagnosis): Inflammations

• Actinic dermatitis

• Dermatitis

• Seborrheic dermatitis

• Steatitis

Plan terms (how they will be treated): Medications

• Anti-infection or cleansing

• Anti-immune

• Anti-itch or allergy

Plan terms (how they will be treated): Integumentary System

• Chemicals

• Vacuums

• Cold

• Lasers

• Electricity

• Surgery

• Mohs micrographic surgery

• Skin grafting

Plan terms (how they will be treated): General Terms

• Epidermal

• Intradermal

• Hypodermic and subcutaneous

• Percutaneous and transdermal

• Topical

Procedures

• Chemosurgery

• Cryosurgery

• Chemotherapy

• Dermabrasion

• Electrocauterization

• Electrodesiccation

• Incision and drainage (I&D)

• Lipectomy

• Liposuction

• Onychectomy

• Onychotomy

• Rhytidoplasty

crypt/o

hidden

ichthy/o

scaly

kerat/o

hard, horny

pachy/o

thick

xer/o

dry

rhytid/o

wrinkle

erythr/o

red

leuk/o

white

alb/o

white

melan/o

black

abrasion

scraping away of skin

albinism

lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white

albino

a person afflicted with albinism

alopecia

baldness

anhidrosis

lack of sweating

comedo

a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black heads, white heads)

cyandirosis

blue sweat

depigmentation

loss of pigmentation

dermatalgia

skin pain

dermatolysis

loose skin

erytherma

redness

erythroderma

red skin

hermatathidrosis

sweating blood

hidropoiesis

the formation of sweat

hyperhidrosis

excessive sweating

hyperkerotosis

excessive growth of horny skin

hypermelanosis

excessive melanin in the skin

hyperpigmentation

excessive pigment in the skin

hypohidrosis

diminished sweating

hypomelanosis

diminished melanin in the skin

hypopigmentation

diminished pigment in the skin

leukoderma

white skin

macerate

to soften the skin

onychophagia

eating or biting nails

pruritus

an itch

rhytidermia

crinkled skin

sebopoiesis

formation of oil (sebum)

seborrhea

discharge of oil (sebum)

tricholmegaly

abnormally thick hair

urticarnia

swollen raised itchy arms of the skin

xanthoderma

yellow skin

xeroderma

dry skin

xerosis

condition of dryness

macule/macula

small, flat discolored area

patch

larger, flat discolored area

papule

a small solid mass

plaque

a solid mass on the surface of the skin

nodule

a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin

tumor

a large solid mass

vesicle

a small blister

bulla

a large blister

pustule

a pus-filled blister

abscess

a localized collection of pus in the body

erosion

loss of skin

ulcer

a sore

excoration

a scratch

fissure

a crack in the skin

scale

skin flaking