Freshman Religion Spring 2025 Final Exam STUDY GUIDE

Flashcards for religion final exam study guide.

Pentateuch/Torah

The first five books of the Old Testament; also known as the Torah.

First and second creation stories

Stories of how God created the world, found in the Old Testament.

Abram/Sarai (Abraham and Sarah)

Originally Abram and Sarai, they are key figures and patriarchs in the Old Testament. They are also known as the forefather of the Israelite people since God made a covenant with them that their descendants would inherit the land of Canaan.

Infancy Narratives

Found in both the Old and New Testaments and tell the story of Jesus' birth and early life. In the Old Testament the infancy narratives allude to Moses's birth narrative and in the New Testament the infancy narratives foretell Jesus's birth and purpose.

The Jewish Feast of Passover (Importance in OT and NT)

A Jewish festival, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt.

Sinai Covenant and the Ten Commandments

An agreement between God and the Israelites, established on Mount Sinai, including the Ten Commandments.

Moses

The leader who led the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God.

Manna and Quail

Food miraculously provided to the Israelites during their wandering in the desert.

Golden Calf

An idol made by the Israelites while Moses was on Mount Sinai receiving the Ten Commandments. Represented disloyalty to God.

Ark of the Covenant

A sacred chest that housed the tablets of the Ten Commandments.

The Babylonian Exile (Captivity)

A period in Israelite history when the people of Judah were held captive in Babylon.

The temple in Jerusalem

The central place of worship for the Israelites in Jerusalem.

King David

An important king of Israel, known for uniting the kingdom and establishing Jerusalem as its capital.

The Prophets (Major and Minor)

Individuals chosen by God to speak his message to the people.

The word “Gospel” and “Evangelist”

The 'Good News' of Jesus Christ; also, a person who proclaims the Gospel.

Synoptic Gospels

The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which share a similar perspective and content.

Source “Q”

A hypothetical source of sayings of Jesus that is believed to have been used by Matthew and Luke in addition to Mark.

Infancy/Birth Narratives

Stories of Jesus' birth and early life, found in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke.

Genealogy (in Matthew and Luke)

A listing of ancestors, tracing lineage; found in Matthew and Luke.

Kingdom of God

The reign or rule of God; a central theme in Jesus' teachings.

Parables and metaphors

Short stories used by Jesus to teach spiritual lessons.

Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes

A collection of teachings by Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew, including the Beatitudes.

Different types of miracles in the Gospels

Extraordinary acts performed by Jesus, demonstrating his power and compassion.

The Last Supper in relation to the Passover and the Passion Narrative

The final meal Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion.

Different groups/types of people

Different religious and political groups in Judea during the time of Jesus.

Gentiles

Non-Jewish people.

Jewish institutions

Religious and political entities and building important to Jewish life in the first century.

Religious and Social Norms

Jesus would often challenge or break norms. For instance, he would heal on the Sabbath or disregard purity laws to help someone.

Geography of Roman Palestine (NT)

The regions where Jesus lived and ministered.

Importance of Jerusalem

The theological and political center of Judaism; the place of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection.

The Paschal Mystery

The suffering, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ.

Incarnation

The belief that God became flesh in the person of Jesus Christ.

Eucharist (thanksgiving)

From the Greek for 'thanksgiving'; also, the Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Supper.

Meals and Hospitality in the Gospels

Jesus often shared meals with people. For instance, Luke tells the story of Zacchaeus who invited Jesus to his home.

Role and Importance of Women in the Gospels

Women have an important role in the Gospels, especially at the tomb when Jesus is resurrected.

Christology

The study of Christ; particularly explored in John's Gospel.

“I am” sayings in John’s Gospel

Statements made by Jesus in John's Gospel that reveal his divine identity.

Important disciples of Jesus

Peter, Mary Magdalene, Judas, Thomas, John the “beloved disciple”

Pentateuch/Torah

The first five books of the Old Testament; also known as the Torah.

First and second creation stories

Stories of how God created the world, found in the Old Testament.

Abram/Sarai (Abraham and Sarah)

Originally Abram and Sarai, they are key figures and patriarchs in the Old Testament. Known as the forefather of the Israelite people since God made a covenant with them that their descendants would inherit the land of Canaan. Abraham is known for his unwavering faith in God, demonstrated when he was willing to sacrifice his son Isaac.

Infancy Narratives

Found in both the Old and New Testaments and tell the story of Jesus' birth and early life. In the Old Testament the infancy narratives allude to Moses's birth narrative and in the New Testament the infancy narratives foretell Jesus's birth and purpose.

The Jewish Feast of Passover (Importance in OT and NT)

A Jewish festival, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. Key event: the Exodus.

Sinai Covenant and the Ten Commandments

An agreement between God and the Israelites, established on Mount Sinai, including the Ten Commandments.

Moses

The leader who led the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God. Key events: the Exodus, receiving the Ten Commandments, and leading the Israelites through the desert.

Manna and Quail

Food miraculously provided to the Israelites during their wandering in the desert.

Golden Calf

An idol made by the Israelites while Moses was on Mount Sinai receiving the Ten Commandments. Represented disloyalty to God.

Ark of the Covenant

A sacred chest that housed the tablets of the Ten Commandments.

The Babylonian Exile (Captivity)

A period in Israelite history when the people of Judah were held captive in Babylon.

The temple in Jerusalem

The central place of worship for the Israelites in Jerusalem.

King David

An important king of Israel, known for uniting the kingdom and establishing Jerusalem as its capital. Key events: uniting Israel, making Jerusalem the capital, and his lineage is important to Jesus

The Prophets (Major and Minor)

Individuals chosen by God to speak his message to the people.

The word “Gospel” and “Evangelist”

The 'Good News' of Jesus Christ; also, a person who proclaims the Gospel.

Synoptic Gospels

The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which share a similar perspective and content.

Source “Q”

A hypothetical source of sayings of Jesus that is believed to have been used by Matthew and Luke in addition to Mark.

Infancy/Birth Narratives

Stories of Jesus' birth and early life, found in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke.

Genealogy (in Matthew and Luke)

A listing of ancestors, tracing lineage; found in Matthew and Luke.

Kingdom of God

The reign or rule of God; a central theme in Jesus' teachings.

Parables and metaphors

Short stories used by Jesus to teach spiritual lessons.

Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes

A collection of teachings by Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew, including the Beatitudes.

Different types of miracles in the Gospels

Extraordinary acts performed by Jesus, demonstrating his power and compassion.

The Last Supper in relation to the Passover and the Passion Narrative

The final meal Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion.

Different groups/types of people

Different religious and political groups in Judea during the time of Jesus.

Gentiles

Non-Jewish people.

Jewish institutions

Religious and political entities and building important to Jewish life in the first century.

Religious and Social Norms

Jesus would often challenge or break norms. For instance, he would heal on the Sabbath or disregard purity laws to help someone.

Geography of Roman Palestine (NT)

The regions where Jesus lived and ministered.

Importance of Jerusalem

The theological and political center of Judaism; the place of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection.

The Paschal Mystery

The suffering, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ.

Incarnation

The belief that God became flesh in the person of Jesus Christ.

Eucharist (thanksgiving)

From the Greek for 'thanksgiving'; also, the Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Supper.

Meals and Hospitality in the Gospels

Jesus often shared meals with people. For instance, Luke tells the story of Zacchaeus who invited Jesus to his home.

Role and Importance of Women in the Gospels

Women have an important role in the Gospels, especially at the tomb when Jesus is resurrected.

Christology

The study of Christ; particularly explored in John's Gospel.

“I am” sayings in John’s Gospel

Statements made by Jesus in John's Gospel that reveal his divine identity.

Important disciples of Jesus

Peter: Leader of the apostles, denied Jesus three times, but later affirmed his love. Mary Magdalene: First witness to the resurrection. Judas: betrayed Jesus. Thomas: Doubted the resurrection until he saw Jesus. John: traditionally known as the 'beloved disciple'.