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define the homologous series?
a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
Define functional group?
a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound
where is the functional group attached?
they are attached to a point on the carbon backbone
how do molecules with the same functional group react?
they react in a similar way
define aliphatic?
a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
define alicyclic?
an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains
define aromatic?
a compound containing a benzene ring
what is the general formula of alkanes?
CnH2n+2
define saturated?
single carbon–carbon bonds only
define unsaturated?
the presence of multiple carbon–carbon bonds, including C=C, C C / and aromatic rings
How to test for an alkene/ unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Test with bromine water, unsaturated hydrocarbons decolourise bromine water from orange to colourless
Name the 1st 10 alkanes?
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Nonane
Decane
what does the stem indicate?
the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain
what does the prefix indicate?
