lipids aktiv

glycerophospholipid

triglyceride

sphingolipid

• subcategory cerebroside

steroids  

wax

which chemical components are found in sphingomyelins

• an alcohol

• a phosphodiester

• an amide

• an alkene

how many fatty acids are involved in making sphingolipid

one

how many fatty acids are required to make a glycerophospholipid

two

identify the number of fatty acids that are used to make a triacylglycerol or triglyceride

three

number of carbons and unsaturated or saturated 

unsaturated, 18

identify the phospholipids and what kind 

molecule III is a glycerophospholipd

molecule V is a sphingolipid  

identify the steroid molecule(s)

molecule I

The monounsaturated acid(s)

Molecule III

identify polysaturated fatty acid(s)

II and V

Identify the structure(s) that are waxes

molecule V

waxes have

one ester bond between fatty acids and a long chain alcohol

identify glycerophospholipids

molecule III

identify the prostaglandins

zero

what type of molecule is this

prostaglandin

prostaglandins have what functional groups

• twenty carbon fatty acid

• ketone, alcohol, alkenes

identify the molecule

leukotriene

structure of leukotriene 

20 carbon-carbon fatty acid, carboxylic acid, three alkenes and no rings

what does omega 3 mean when referring to fatty acids

there is a double bond three carbons away from the omega carbon, the last carbon on the chain

oils have a _____ melting point than fats

lower

ceramides are most soluble in

ether

which has a higher melting point saturated or unsaturated fats 

saturated fats have a higher melting point than unsaturated fats due to their molecular structure, which allows them to pack more closely together.

what is the primary function of cholesterol when embedded in a membrane

structure (makes it more rigid!!)

what is the primary function of eicosanoids

signaling

eicosanoids influence

inflammation, pain, vascular constriction/relaxation

identify the primary function of glycerophospholipids

structure 

• make up lipid bilayers in membranes

identify the primary function of sphingolipids

structure

name the classes of sphingolipids

• ceramides (simplest class of sphingolipids)

  • glycosphingolipids

    • one or more sugar attached

  • sphingophospholipids

    • ceramides with phosphate containing head group

• sphingomyelins (contains phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine head group)

• gangliosides

  • contain multiple sugars and have sialic acid and c

primary function of triacylglycerols

energy

primary function of waxes

protection

function of sphibngomyelins

nerve cell membrane unit

what kind of biological activity do prostaglandins have

hormonal activity

functions of lipids

• energy storage

• structural component 

• energy source

• steroid hormones

unsaturated fatty acids can be converted into saturated fatty acids by what

hydrogenation

what type of lipid reaction is shown here

soap!

what type of functional group can react with a fatty acid to form an ester

alcohol

isoprene units are ____ carbon compounds that are building blocks for several terpenes and steroids

five

what is the name for lipids derived from isoprene units

terpenes

how do NSAIDS like aspirin and ibuprofen reduce inflammation

reducing production of prostaglandins and synthesis of other eicosanoids. reduces blood clotting.

which lipids are synthesized from arachidonic acid

• leukotrienes

• prostaglandins

• thromboxanes

types of eicosanoids 

leukotrienes, prostaglandins and thromboxanes 

structural difference between glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins

• sphingomyelins have a sphingosine group and glycerophospholipids do not