Studied by 0 people
name components of DNA i.e. DNA consists of what components
what is gene
what is transcription and where in the cell it takes place
what is codon
what is translation and where it takes place
what is replication and how it occurs
what is complementary base pairing
a biologist is explaining how RNA directs the synthesis of protein. which process is the biologist describing
what are the differences between DNA and RNA
what is mutation
what is polygenic traits
list the different types of mutation
what is mutagen
what is base pair substitution
what is frameshift mutation
what is the difference between base pair mutation and frameshift mutation
an XXY person has which syndrome
what is meiosis and where it occurs
what is mitosis and where it occurs
what is somatic cell and what are gametes
autosome chromosomes vs sex chromosomes
what is karyotype
explain euploid cells and polyploidy cells
what is aneuploid and what causes aneuploid
what is disjunction and nondisjunction
trisomy occurs most commonly with which chromosomes
what are the most common symptoms of Down syndrome
what results in Down syndrome
a cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes. what term defines this
Klinefelter syndrome is the result of
what is the chromosomal variation that causes Klinefelter syndrome
what is the most common cause of Down syndrome
a 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. this condition is an example of which genetic disorder
explain how Turner syndrome occurs and what are the symptoms of Turner syndrome
explain the terms homozygous, heterozygous, recessive, and dominant
what is the key feature of Huntington disease
in genetics, what is co-dominant and how is it related to blood type determination
Cri du Chat syndrome is due to
a normal male and a female carrier for red-green color blindness mate. what is the likelihood of their children being affected
a couple has three offspring
one child with an autosomal dominant disease trait and two who are normal. the father is affected by the autosomal dominant disease but the mother does not have the disease gene. what is the recurrence risk of this autosomal dominant disease for their next child
explain the terms duplication, inversion, and translocation associated with the alteration of chromosome structure
what term describes a condition when homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis
what are fragile sites and what is Fragile X syndrome
what is the second most commonly recognized genetic cause of mental retardation
explain the terms locus, allele, genotype, carrier, and phenotype
who is more often affected by X-linked recessive genes, male or female
in most cases of recessive disease both parents of affected individuals are heterozygous carriers. explain why
name enzymes involved in DNA replication
all living organisms use the same DNA codes to specify proteins. explain why
trisomy of the 21st chromosome causes which syndrome
Turner syndrome is caused by
Klinefelter syndrome is caused by
a person with at least two X chromosomes and one Y in each cell will have which syndrome
a girl with a single X chromosome and no homologous X or Y so person only has 45 chromosomes will have which syndrome
what are the 3 basic components of DNA
what are the 4 nitrogenous bases
how are the 2 strands of DNA held together in the double helix
what is nucleotide
adenine pairs with
guanine pairs with
explain why the genetic code is universal
what is meant by complementary base pairing
in DNA replication, which enzyme travels along DNA strand and adds correct nucleotide to the free end of the new strand
a nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. when checking for a proband what is the nurse looking for
what is a mutation when one base pair is replaced by another
base pair substitution where amino acid change doesn't occur is what type of mutation
insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs to DNA molecule that can change the entire frame and greatly alter amino acid sequence is what type of mutation
an agent that increases the frequency of mutation is called
what is spontaneous mutation
what is mutational hotspot
what is heterogeneous nuclear RNA
what happens in eukaryotic cells after transcription before mRNA is released into the cytoplasm
the noncoding excised RNA sequences that are left in the nucleus are called
the coding RNA sequences left to code for proteins are called
a mutation that occurs in the absence of exposure to mutagens is called
a newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. which finding will support this diagnosis
an area of the chromosome that has high mutation rates is called
DNA is formed and replicated in the
the regions of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA that must be spliced out to form functional RNA are called
where does protein synthesis occur
a 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. what term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition
the following symptoms are typical for which genetic syndrome
high-pitched cry, low birth weight, severe mental retardation, microcephaly, heart defects, and facial feature of underdeveloped chin
how is RNA different from DNA
uracil pairs with
a process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template and results in formation of mRNA is called
what is the condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell called
explain the mode of inheritance of hemophilia A
explain the mode of inheritance of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
explain transcription process
mRNA after it's first transcribed and an exact replica of the DNA sequence is called
explain steps of translation
a cloverleaf strand of about 80 nucleotides that has a site for the attachment of an amino acid is what type of RNA
a patient age 9 is admitted to a pediatric unit with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. when planning care the nurse recalls the patient inherited this condition through a _____ trait
where is anticodon found
what are gametes
what are somatic cells
how many chromosomes are in the nucleus of a somatic cell
a cell containing one member of each chromosome pair for a total of 23 chromosomes is termed
which type of mutations will have the most significant effect on protein synthesis
the following symptoms are typical for which genetic syndrome
taller than average male, long limbs, lower IQ
Note 
Flashcard (63)