etech midterm 1

Alexander Graham Bell

He invented the telephone.
- Revolutionized the communications field by inventing the telephone
- Invention of telecommunications network to support telephone services
- Invention of Internet and Mobile Phones

Pre-Mechanical Period

Period where words and pictograms were carved in rocks and the discovery of Papyrus and Paper happened.

Cuneiform

One of the oldest forms of writing known. It means "wedge-shaped," because people wrote it using a reed stylus cut to make a wedge-shaped mark on a clay tablet.

3000 BCE - 14th Century

State the time range of the Pre-Mechanical period:

Mechanical period

Period where the abacus was discovered, first mechanical computer was developed, and the difference and analytical engines were made.

Mesopotamia

The abacus was created in _____.

2500 BCE

Abacus was made back in _____.

Pascaline

The first mechanical calculator.

1642

Pascaline was made back in _____.

Blaise Pascal

He invented the first mechanical calculator.

Charles Babbage

He is the Father of Modern Computer and developed the Difference Engine (1821) and Analytical Engine (1832).

1821

The difference engine was made back in _____.

1832

The analytical engine was made back in _____.

16th Century

State the time of the Mechanical period:

Electromechanical Period

The period of time where the telegraph, telephone, and radio were developed

Telegraph

First device to use electricity to transmit information over an electrical media

William Cooke and Sir Wheatstone

The two (2) inventors of the telegraph in the UK:

1837

The telegraph was invented back in _____.

Samuel Morse

He introduced the first single-circuit telegraph that gave rise to Morse Code.

1844

The year Samuel Morse introduced the first single-circuit telegraph.

Telephone

It converts sounds into electricity and enables the network to transmit it through copper wire.

1876

The telephone was invented back in _____.

Guglielmo Marconi

He invented the radio and discovered that electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from the point it originated.

1894

The radio was invented back in _____.

18th Century

State the time of the Electromechanical Period:

Electronic Period

Period where vacuum tube machines, transistor, integrated circuit (IC), and computer microprocessors were developed.

Vacuum Tube Machines

The first general purpose electronic digital computer.

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

ENIAC

John W. Mauchly and John P. Eckert

The two (2) inventors of the ENIAC machine

1946

The ENIAC machine was invented back in ___

Transistor

A small electronic switch that can turn current on or off, or amplify signa

Bardeen, Brattain, Shockley

Three (3) proponents of the transistor

1947

The transistor was invented back in _____.

Integrated circuit

A tiny chip made of semiconductor material that holds multiple transistors, resistors, and other components in one package.

Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce

Two (2) inventors of the integrated circuit.

1958

The integrated circuit was invented back in _____.

Computer microprocessors

The entire central processing unit (CPU) of a computer placed on a single chip.

Intel led by Ted Hoff; Federico Faggin; Stan Mazor

Three (3) inventors of the computer microprocessors

1971

Computer microprocessors were invented back in _____.

1940-present

State the time range of the Electronic period:

Information and Communications Technology

The processing of data that includes sending, editing, receiving, locating, and saving using different hardware and software components.

World Wide Web

An information system on the internet that allows document to be connected to other documents by hypertext links.

Web Page

A hypertext document connected to the WWW

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The transfer method used by WWW to transmit and receive Web pages.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

The code that is used to structure a web page and its content.

Browser

A computer program with a graphical user interface for displaying and navigating between web pages (e.g., Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Opera browser, Apple Safari, etc).

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Address of a web page.

Websites

Connections between single web page to multiple web pages.

Timothy John Berners-Lee (TimBL)

An English engineer and computer scientist. He invented the World Wide Web.

1989

The World Wide Web was invented in this year

Static/Web 1.0

World Wide Web when first invented it was ____

As is

The page is "_____," and can't be manipulated by user.

Inseparable

A characteristic of Web 1.0 where website contents and layouts are _____.

Files

A characteristic of Web 1.0 where website contents are stored in _____.

Proprietary HTML tags

A characteristic of Web 1.0 where the website uses _____ (i.e., tags that only work properly in certain browsers).

Do not

A characteristic of Web 1.0 where websites (do/do not) embed guestbook in the content page.

Email

A characteristic of Web 1.0 where website forms are usually sent by _____.

Darcy DiNucci

Web 2.0 (Dynamic) was coined by _____.

1999

Darcy DiNucci coined the idea of Web 2.0 back in this year

Tim O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty

Two (2) people who popularized Web 2.0.

User

A characteristic of Web 2.0 is that it has _____-generated contents.

User experience

A characteristic of Web 2.0 is that it has emphasis on _____.

Interoperability

A characteristic of Web 2.0 is that it has improved _____ (incorporates application programming interfaces or API).

Folksonomy

Allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords. Users create their own tags (e.g., post-tagging on facebook, instagram, youtube).

Rich user experience

Content is dynamic and responsive to user's input. Involves websites that look nice, interactive, and easy to use, making users enjoy the experience (e.g., youtube lets you watch videos smoothly, change quality, comment, like, and share).

User participation

The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content and users create and share contents (e.g., amazon, lazada, shopee, tiktok).

Long tail

Services offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. Offers niche content for small audience.

Software as Service

Users subscribed to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them. An online software you don't need to install. (Buy access not installation)

Mass Participation

Diverse information sharing through universal web access and lots of people joining in.

Online Platforms

Range of services and tools available on the internet to provide online functions.

Online systems

_____ may also come in platforms.

Online functions

What the system can do for its users.

System

Provides the environment (the backbone).

Platform

Provides the stage (specific app/service).

Functions

Provides the actions (what users can actually do).

Semantic Web

A movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The intelligent web.

Minimalist design

A feature of Web 3.0 adheres to _____.

Semantic web framework

A feature of Web 3.0 uses the _____. Stores well-organized data on the web for accessibility and readability of both human and computer.

Ever present

A feature of Web 3.0 is _____ web. Web contents are deemed necessary in the lives of people.

Decentralization

A feature of Web 3.0 is _____. No single company fully controls data (unlike Facebook or Google in Web 2.0).

Artificial

A feature of Web 3.0 applies and uses _____ intelligence. It improves user experience and the internet "understands" meaning, not just keywords.

Alexa

Adam (2017) mentioned on his article in forbes that the rising ai which revolutionized the machines was Amazon's ____

Artificial Intelligence

A computer that is able to mimic or simulate human thoughts or behavior within that is a subset of called machine learning. A branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers.

Dr. Geoffrey E. Hinton

He is known as the Godfather of Modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) and built a NEURAL NET in 2012.

Toby Walsh

"When it comes to any digital data you see - audio or video - you have to entertain the idea that someone has spoofed it," stated by the Chief Scientist at the University of New South Wales AI Institute.

Compatibility

HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web 3.0.

Security

User's _____ is in question since the machine is saving his or her preferences.

Vastness

World Wide Web already contains billions web pages.

Vagueness

Certain words are imprecise. The words "old" and "small" would depend on the user.

Logic

Limitation for a computer to predict what the user is referring to at a given time.

Convergent technologies

A trend in ICT that relates to convergence and integrate technology. A theoretical perspective where different technologies are unified in one technology.

Convergence

Refers to meeting of different elements to make up a whole.

Integrate technologies

Different technology can be linked to each other.

Mobile technologies

A trend in ICT that involves the rise of smartphones and high speed internet with 5th GENERATION (5G) Long Term Evolution (LTE).

5th Generation Long Term Evolution (5G LTE)

The current fastest mobile network

Social media

A trend in ICT that is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content. Has six types.

Social Networks

A type of social media that allows the creation of personal account that will connect with other people with the same interests or background for different purposes. People-to-people connections.

Social Networks

A type of social media that allows the creation of personal account that will connect with other people with the same interests or background for different purposes. People-to-people connections.

Bookmarking Sites

A type of social media that allows users to store and manage links in various websites and resources. Like a digital filing cabinet for your favorite online finds.

Social News

A type of social media that allows the users to post their own news articles, stories, videos, and photographs or links to other news sources. Community decides what's important or trending.