Hinduism and Buddhism Vocab

This is all the Buddhism and Hinduism vocab!

Brahman

Unchanging, all powerful force of which everything in the universe is a part of(world soul), supreme being

3 Main Gods(many forms of these gods exist)

Brahma(creator), Vishnu(preserver), Shiva(destroyer)

Monotheistic

A religion that believes in 1 god

Polytheistic

A religion that believes in many gods

Monism

A religion that has many gods, but people only believe in one of those gods

Atman

essential self, the soul-every person has one;another name for Brahman within each person

Samsara

reincarnation, rebirth of soul(Atman) in another bodily form-allows people to achieve moksha

Varna

human calling; role in life

4 classes: Brahmin(priests), Warriors(Kshartriya), Vaishya(Merchants, Landowners), Sudra(Laborers, Peasants), Untouchamble(Out of caste)

Jatis

caste, occupational social groups defined by birth, marriage, or occupation

Artha

pursuit of material prosperity;acquire wealth to live but not to become attached

Kama

enjoyment of the material world; pursuing art, dance, music, or physical activity

Dharma

righteous; religious and moral values or duties of an individual; usually related to varna

Moksha

release from cycle of samsara; reunification with Brahman

Karma

all the good and bad actions of a person’s life that affect their fate in the next life

Yoga

the habits of mind and body that bring atman closer to the Brahman

Ahimsa

not causing harm to other living beings

Vedas

4 collections of prayers, magical spells, and instruction for performing rituals;Rig Veda is most important

Upanishads

Hindu teachers interpretations and explanations of Vedic hymns

Mahabarata

epic poem;Bhagavad Gita is most famous part

Ramayana

epic poem

Founder of Buddhism(Buddha)

Sidhartha Gautama(563-483 BCE)

• Prince of Nobel Family

• Prophecy of how to live life

4 visits

Sick Man, Old Man, Dead Man, Holy Man

Enlightenment

State of perfect wisdom in which one understands and accepts the basic truths of the universe

How long did the Founder of Buddhism Meditate?(Meditation)

49 days for 24 hours straight to reach enlightenment

First Noble Truth

Life is filled with suffering and sorrow

Second Noble Truth

The cause of all suffering is people’s selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of the world

Third Noble Truth

The way to end all suffering is to end desires

Fourth Noble Truth

The way to overcome such desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path. Middle Way between desires and self denials.

Nirvana

release from pain, suffering and reincarnation achieved after enlightenment

Eight Fold Path

• Right Livelihood

• Right Effort

• Right Action

• Right Speech

• Right View

• Right Intentions

• Right Mindfulness

• Right Concentration

Right Livelihood

Work respects life and equality of all

Right Effort

Positive attitude, work hard to understand truth and act ethically

Right Action

Choosing the best action

Right Speech

Communicating thoughtfully

Right View

Accepting Truths of the Universe

Right Intentions

Your intentions align with the values of Buddhism

Right Mindfulness

aware of thoughts, deeds, and actions all the time

Right Concentration

Meditate without loosing concentration

Zamorin

Sultan of Calicut

Malabar

Country southwest coast of India, country of black pepper

Calicut

Biggest trade harbor of the time people all over traveled to trade there, south India

Who controls Strait of Malacca?

Sri Vijaya Kingdom