4.10 The Second Great Awakening

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causes of religious refom

  • growing emphasis on democracy and individuals → attraction to services that were less formal and more participatory

  • more emotional expressions of belief

  • market revolution - people feared that industrialization and commercialization increasing meant greed and sin increasing

  • disruption caused by market revolution and mobility led to search for worship settings outside of formal churches and based in urban areas

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revivals

  • Reverend Timothy Dwight - highly educated, began Second Great Awakening, going against liberal views, inspired preachers who would be understood by the uneducated

  • Charles Grandison Finney - presbyterian minister who started revivals in New England areas, appealing to emotions and fear of damnation

  • camp meetings - outdoor revivals that activated faith

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  • millenialism - predicted the second coming of Jesus and the end of the world

  • Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) (1830)

    • founded by Joseph Smith, based on The Book of Moron

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overall effects of Second Great Awakening

reform movements during antebellum gained momentum due to good leadership and organized societies