Materials Science Robotics

materials testing

measurement of the characteristics and behaviour of such substances as metals, ceramics, or plastics under various conditions

fracture

rupture of a material too weak to sustain the forces on it

deformation

action or process of changing in shape or distorting, especially through the application of pressure

stress

the pressure or tension exerted on an object

tension

the pulling apart of an object

elongate

making an object longer in relation to its width

strain

number that describes relative deformation or change in shape and size of a material (change in length per unit length)

crushing

to press or squeeze with a force that deforms an object

compression

decrease in volume of any object resulting from applied stress

shear

a strain in the structure of a substance produced by pressure, when its layers are laterally shifted in relation to one another

shear strength

strength of a material against the type of yield or structural failure when the material fails in shear

inplane shear

the deformation response of a material to forces applied tangentially

tensile strength

maximum load that a material can support without fracture when being stretched

ductility

the capacity of a material to deform permanently in response to stress

hardness testing

testing a materials response to a load placed at one small point testing its ability to deform

impact testing

a test to determine how much impact force an object can take

thermal conductivity

measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat

thermal expansion

change in shape or size due to changes in temperature

corrosion

natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable form

creep

tendency of a solid material to deform permanently under mechanical stresses

fatigue

the weakening of a material caused by cyclic loading that results in localized structural damage and the growth of cracks

yielding

giving way of an object under pressure

rupture

the ultimate failure of tough ductile materials loaded in tension

brittle

a material without capacity to deform without cracking.

buckling

the sudden change in shape (deformation) of a structural component under load

compressive strength

the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size

cross-sectional area

the area of a two-dimensional shape that is obtained when a three-dimensional object is sliced perpendicular