sugars

Maltose

Glucose + Glucose, Linkage is a-1,4 glycosidic bonding, reducing sugar

Lactose

Glucose + Galactos, Linkage is a B 1,4 glycosidic bonding, non-reducing sugar

Sucrose

Glucose + Fructose, Linkage is a A,B 1,2 glycosidic bonding, non-reducing sugar

Starch

Mixture of amylose and amylopectin, 20% amylose 80% amylopectic, 

D-Glucose

6C — OH: R L R R

D-Mannose

6C — OH: L L R R (C-2 epimer of glucose)

D-Galactose

6C — OH: R L L R (C-4 epimer of glucose)

D-Talose

6C — OH: L L L R

D-Fructose

6C — OH: L R R (C3→C5 only; C2 is ketone)

D-Ribose

5C — OH: R R R

D-Arabinose

5C — OH: L R R

D-Xylose

5C — OH: R L R

D-Lyxose

5C — OH: L L R

Glycogen

Branched, more frequent 1,6 branching(every 12)

Amylose

Straight chain polymer of a-Dglucose, linked by a 1,4 glycosidic bond, it is unchained

Amylopectin

Branched, linked by a 1,4 glycosidic bond, poylmer of a-D-glucose, every 20-30 there is a 1,6 bond

Cellulose

Unbranched, 1,4 b-D-glucose linkage, has hydrogen bonding, straight chain

chitin

Made up of B-dglucose, 1,4