History of Modern Architecture Exam 1

3 transformations of architecture

1. understandings of the architectural past

2. relationship between architects and society

3. the way things are produced

modernization

change/process of change that is tangible/concrete/quantifiable

modernity

subjective experience of the changing world, life under extreme modernization

modernism

approach to art that says something about how it is to experience modernity

tempietto, Rome, Italy, bramante, 1508

temple of vesta, rome, roman forum, italy, 4th century bce

maison carree, nimes, france, 1st century ad

french royal academies

established by LOUIS XIV

Literature, 1635

Painting, 1648

Science, 1666

Architecture, 1671

who began the Encyclopedie publication (1750)

Diderot and d'Alembert

publishers of antiquities of athens

James Stuart and Nicholas Revett

author of essay on architecture

Mare-antoine Laugier

Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, VA, USA, Jefferson and Clerisseau and Dobie, 1785

Bank of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, Benjamin Latrobe, 1798

Royal Saltworks, Arc-et-Senans, France, Ledoux, 1775, commissioned by LOUIS XV

Project for a Cenotaph for Sir Isaac Newton, boulee, 1780

vedute de roma (views of rome), Piranesi, 1760

carceri (prisons) Piranesi, 1760

sublime

provokes astonishment, emotions are suspended with some degree of horror

versailles trianon area 1775

landscape with waterfall, hubert robert 1785

strawberry hill, twickenham, england, walpole, 1749

fonthill abbey, england, james wyatt, 1790, for charles beckford

iron bridge, coalbrookdale, england, thomas prichard, 1779, for abraham darby iii

clifton suspension bridge, near bristol, england, brunel, 1836

strutts north mill, belper, england, 1804 for william strutt

st pancras station, london, england, barlow and ordish (shed). george gilbert scott (head building), 1864

gare saint lazare, monet, 1877

cyrstal palace, london, england, paxton, 1851

Haussmann renovations 1850

1. Street sewers, clean water, gas lighting, train stations

2. Halles Centrales (victor Baltard 1853)

3. Paris Opera ( garnier, 1861)

Monadnock Building, Chicago, IL, Burnham and Root, 1890

Fair Store, Chicago, IL, WL Jenney, 1891

Reliance Building, Chicago, IL, 1893

Pugin

Author of Contrasts

lead celebration of medieval culture and city/community focused cities

Viollet-le-duc

restored churches

believed in "structural rationalism" (building forms should come from rational use of materials)

Semper

author of "four elements in architecture"

earthwork, framework, hearth, enclosure

Ruskin

evidence of human hands/human labor should be apparent in a building

Tassel House, Brussels, belgium, HOrta, 1893

Paris Metro Stations, Paris, France, guimard, 1900

Ildefonso Cerda

proposed grid plan for Barcelona

Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain, guadi, 1883

Casa Battlo, Barcelona, Spain, Gaudi 1904

Casa Mila, barcelona, Spain, guadi, 1905

Parc Guell, Barcelona, Spain, Gaudi, 1900

gesamtkunstwerk

total work of art

eixample

product of Ildefonso Cerda, the gridification and division of Barcelona

Schiller Theater Building, Chicago,IL, Sullivan and Addler, 1891

guaranty building, Buffalo, NY, sullivan,1891

wainwright building, st.louis, MO, sullivan, 1896

wright home and studio, oak park , IL, FLW, 1889

Blossom house, Chicago IL, FLW, 1892

winslow house, River Forest, IL, FLW, 1893

heurtly house, oak park, IL, FLW, 1902

edwin cheney house, oak park, IL, FLW, 1903

a home in a prairie town (ladies home journal) FLW, 1901

unity temple, oak park, IL, FLW, 1908

robie house, chicago, IL, FLW, 1909

land ordinance of 1785

allowed settlers to purchase titles to farmland west of the Appalachians