Weight and Balance, Loading

Standard Empty Weight

All standard equipment installed

Usually includes unusable fuel, operating fluids, full engine oil

Basic Empty Weight

All operational equipment installed

Most include full oil, unusable fuel (would say in POH)

Useful Load

Difference between gross takeoff weight and basic empty weight

Includes useful fuel, pilot, passengers, baggage

HOW WE KNOW HOW MUCH WE CAN LOAD THE AIRCRAFT

Max Takeoff Weight

Max weight plane is approved to start takeoff run

Max Gross Weight

Max Permissible Weight

Max Ramp Weight

Max weight approved for ground manoeuvring

Allows for extra weight above max takeoff weight for taxi and run up (extra fuel burn)

Zero Fuel Weight

Weight of the plane, crew, passengers, baggage, oil, unusable fuel

What you would use to determine how much fuel you can carry

Max Zero Fuel Weight

Max weight that the plane can be loaded with anything but fuel, before the rest of the weight must be fuel

If the plane is loaded beyond this value, there will be too much weight in the fuselage and cause stress on the wings