ch 12 endocrine

name the endocrine glands

pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, testes, ovaries, pancreas, sometimes thymus

are endocrine glands ductless

yes

what is the master gland

pituitary gland

what does the pituitary gland do and what controls it

release hormones to regulate other endocrine glands; the hypothalamus

name anterior pituitary hormones

fsh, lh, acth, th, prolactin, growth hormone

target tissue and function of fsh

ovaries and testes; egg and sperm formation

target tissue and function of LH

overies and testes; s…ex hormone secretion

target tissue and function og ACTH

adrenal cortex; regulate adrenal cortes

target tissue and function of TSH

thyroid; regulate thyroid

target tissue and function of prolactin

breasts; milk production

target tissue and function of GH

increase cell division

name posterior pituitary hormones

oxytocin and vasopressin/ADH

target tissue and function of oxytocin

uterus & breasts; uterine contractions and milk secretion

target tissue and function of vasopressin/ ADH

kidneys & blood vessels; increase BP and decrease urine production

what does the pineal gland secrete

melatonin for sleep/ circadian rhythm

what does the thyroid secrete

thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin

what do thyroxine and triodothyronine do

metabolism

what does calcitonin do

decrease blood calcium

what does the parathyroid secrete and what does it do

parathyroid hormone which increases blood calcuim

what does the pancreas secrete

insulin- decrease blood sugar

glucagon- increase blood sugar

what do the adrenal glands secrete

glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and epi- and norepinephrine

glucocorticoids function

stress; carb metabolism

mineralocorticoids function

electrolyte and fluid balance; stress

epi and norepinephrine function

fight or flight

what do the gonads secrete

estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone

A diuretic without the loss of electrolytes like sodium or potassium.

Aquaretics

Disorder marked by increased thirst caused by antidiuretic hormone deficiency of the pituitary gland.

Diabetes Insipidus

Adrenocortical hormone deficiency marked by hyperpigmentation and chronic fatigue.

Addison;s disease

Condition marked by swelling of body parts caused by prolonged exposure to cortisol

cushing syndrome

Enlargement of the thyroid gland because of an iodine deficiency

goiter

Condition resulting from atrophy of the anterior pituitary gland.

simmonds disease

Autoimmune condition that causes the thyroid gland to become overactive

graves disease

Chronic autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland.

hashimoto’s disease

Blood test that measures the amount of circulating sugar after 12-hr fast

fasting blood sugar (FBS)

Blood test that measures how the body processes sugar; 12-hr fast before drinking glucose.

glucose tolerance test (GTT)

Blood test used to diagnose diabetes; avg. blood glucose over 3 months.

Hb A1C Test

Blood test that determines thyroid function by levels of TSH, T4, and T3.

Thyroid function test (TFT)

Measures thyroid function by the amount of iodine attached to serum protein

Protein-bound iodine test (PBI)

Diagnostic test used to measure how much radioactive iodine the thyroid gland absorbs over time.

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)