APUSH Period 3 (1754-1800)

The French and Indian War

1754-1763

War between French and British in American colonies part of 7 years

The Proclamation of 1763

Line drawn by British Parliament, colonists not allowed to settle past Appalachian mountains

Stamp Act

1765 direct tax on a stamp that must be put on paper, office documents, etc.

The Coercive Acts

1774 intolerable acts

Common Sense

1776 pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to get people to want independence

The Declaration Of Independence

1776 document written by colonist elites to British King and Parliament stating independence and what all was wrong with British rule and the King

Battle of Saratoga

Head to head battle between the British and Americans in country side, Americans win by a lot and show they have a chance

French American Alliance

Formed after battle of Saratoga when Americans proved to French they can win and French are allies because they want to damage an age old enemy

Treaty of Paris

1783 ended the American Revolutionary War

Granted the land British gave Indians as American land

now American colonies recognized as their own independent country

Articles of confederation

First form of government

A lot of weaknesses

No strong central government

Strong state governments

Causes economical problems and failure

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Land in Northwest is divided into 5 states (Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, Indiana) they are all seen as equal to the 13 original states

Reach a certain pop you can apply for statehood and be part of congress and slavery was outlawed

Shay's Rebellion

1786 farmers debt rebellion agriculture depression, economical failure and 2 out of 3 were being sued

The Constitution

New format of government focuses more on a central national power and less on states 3 branch government that limit each other

Federalism

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)

New Jersey and Virginia plans together and create the senate and House of Representatives senate equal vote house of rep by population

The Three-Fifths compromise

Slaves count as population for vote in congress

3 slaves for every 5 white were counted

The Federalists papers

Essays written by Federalists to get people to ratify the constitution plubis

Federalists

Supported the ratification of the constitution one central strong government

Anti federalists

Against ratification of the constitution

The Bill of rights

First ten amendments of the constitution

George Washington's presidency

1st president formed the cabinets 2nd term strictly followed constitution left office to tell everyone they needed to be unified established framework of Supreme Court and how they will be decided judiciary

Hamilton

Tackle debt- grant money back to people, national bank create national government, manufacturing establish tax revenue

Jefferson

Wanted state governments against Hamilton 3rd president vice under John Adams voting process not fix yet and he got 2nd place

Enlightenment

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.

John Locke

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.

George Whitefield

Credited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights."

Great Awakening

a religious movement that became widespread in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

Pietism

A Christian revival moment characterized by Bible study, the conversion experience, and the individual's personal relationship with God. It began as an effort to reform the German Lutheran Church in the mid-seventeenth century and became widely influential in Britain and its colonies in the eighteenth century.

Ben Franklin

A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies.

Abolition

The movement to make slavery and the slave trade illegal. Begun by Quakers in England in the 1780s.

representation

A basic principle of traditional democratic theory that describes the relationship between the few leaders and the many followers.

Sugar Act of 1764

An act that raised tax revenue in the colonies for the crown. It also increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies.

Virtual Representation

The political theory that a class of persons is represented in a lawmaking body without direct vote.

Quartering Act of 1765

Act forcing colonists to house and supply British forces in the colonies; created more resentment; seen as assault on liberties.

English Common Law

The centuries-old body of legal rules and procedures that protected the lives and property of the British monarch's subjects.

Declaratory Act

Act passed in 1766 after the repeal of the stamp act; stated that Parliament had authority over the the colonies and the right to tax and pass legislation "in all cases whatsoever."

Townshend Acts

A tax that the British Parliament passed in 1767 that was placed on leads, glass, paint and tea

Popular Sovereignty

A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.

Thomas Jefferson

Wrote the Declaration of Independence

Second Continental Congress (1775)

Managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence - finally adopting the *Declaration of Independence* in 1776.

Sons of Liberty

A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.

Patriots

(also known as Revolutionaries, Continentals, Rebels, or American Whigs) were those colonists of the Thirteen Colonies who rejected British rule during the American Revolution and declared the United States of America as an independent nation in July 1776.

Tories/Loyalists

Colonists who favored remaining under British control

Constitutional Convention

A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution