Physics Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards for Physics Exam Review

Coulomb's Law

F = k|q1q2|/r²

Pressure

P = F/A

Center of Mass (XCM)

XCM = (m1x1 + m2x2 + m3x3 + …)/(m1 + m2 + m3 + …)

Electric Potential Energy Between Two Charges

PE Elec = kq1q2/r

Maximum Static Friction Force

Fr max = μsFN

Magnitude of Electric Field (E by Q)

E = k|Q|/r²

Force

F = ma

Force in the x-direction

Fx = Fcosθ

Force in the y-direction

Fy = Fsinθ

Friction Force

F = μFN

Gravitational Force

F = GMm/r²

Force acting parallel on an inclined plane

F|| = mgsinθ

Initial velocity in the x-direction

Vo.x = Vocosθ

Initial velocity in the y-direction

Vo.y = Vosinθ

Centripetal Force

Fc = mv²/r

Work

W = Fdcosθ

Kinetic Energy

KE = 1/2mv²

Torque

τ = rFsinθ = lF

Force of Electric Field on a Charge

Fonq = qE

Centripetal Acceleration

ac = v²/r

Gravitational Potential Energy

ΔPEgrav = -Wby gravity = mgΔh

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem

W = ΔKE = KEf - KEi

Total Mechanical Energy

E = KE + PE

Power

P = W/t

Power (alternative formula)

P = Fvcosθ

Conservation of Total Mechanical Energy

KEi + PEi + Wby F = KEf + PEf

Momentum

p = mv

Impulse

J = Δp = Δ(mv) = FΔt

Mechanical Advantage

MA = Fresistance/Feffort

Frequency

f = 1/T

Period

T = 1/f

Wave Speed

v = λf

Elastic Potential Energy

PE elastic = 1/2kx²

Frequency of Simple Harmonic Motion of a Spring

f = 1/(2π) * √(k/m)

Period of Simple Harmonic Motion of a Spring

T = 2π * √(m/k)

Conduction

Q/Δt = -kA(ΔT/Δx)

Electric Potential Created by a Charge

V = kQ/r

Force on a Charge by a Magnetic Field

FB = |q|vBsinθ

Index of Refraction

n = c/v

Photon Energy

E = hf = hc/λ

Energy Level of a Hydrogen Atom

En = -13.6 eV/n²

Snell's Law

n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2

Strength of Electric Field Between Parallel Plate Capacitor

V = Ed

Critical Angle for Total Internal Reflection

sincrit = n2/n1

Change in Electric Potential Energy

ΔPEElec = qV

Energy of a Photon Emitted or Absorbed Under the Bohr Model

Ephoton = hf = |ΔEatom| = 13.6 eV * (1/nfinal² - 1/ninitial²)

Mirror and Lens Equation

1/f = 1/di + 1/do

Kinetic Energy of a Photoelectron

KEmax = hf - Φ

Work Done by Electric Field

W = - ΔPEElec

Lens Power

P = 1/f

Ohm's Law

V = IR

Power (Circuits)

P = IV = I²R = V²/R

Resistance

R = ρL/A

First Law of Thermodynamics

ΔE = Q - W

Linear Thermal Expansion

ΔL = αLoΔT

Thermodynamic Work

W = PΔV

Doppler Effect

fo = fs * (V + Vo) / (V + Vs)

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

PE = 1/2QV

Magnification Equation

m = -di/do

Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation

ΔxΔp ≥ h/(2π)

AC Voltage

Vrms= Vmax/√2

AC Current

Irms= Imax/√2

Equivalent Resistance in Series

R = R1 + R2 + …

Equivalent Resistance in Parallel

1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + …

Total Capacitance in Series

1/Ceq = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + …

Total Capacitance in Parallel

Ceq = C1 + C2 + …

AC Average Power Supplied

P = IrmsVrms

AC Average Power Dissipated

P = Irms²R

Specific Gravity

sp.gr. = ρ/ρH2O

Flow Rate

f = Av

Pascal's Law

F1/A1 = F2/A2

Continuity Equation

A1V1 = A2V2

Torricelli's Result

vefflux = √(2gD)

Force of Gravity (Fluid)

Fgrav = ρVg

Capacitance

C = Q/V = κε0A/d

Hydrostatic Gauge Pressure

Pgeuge = ρfluidgD

Angular Velocity

ω = Δθ/Δt

Arc Length

s = RΔθ

Speed (Angular)

v = Rω

Angular Acceleration

α = Δω / Δt

Moment of Inertia (Point Mass)

I = mr²

Intensity Level

β= 10log(I/I0)

Beat Frequency

fheat = |f1 - f2|

Moment of Inertia (Rod with Axis at Center)

I = 1/12 mL²

Force Exerted by Spring

F=-kx

Moment of Inertia (Rod with Axis at End)

I = mL²

Frequency (Simple Harmonic Motion of Pendulum)

f = 1/(2π) * √(g/L)

Period (Simple Harmonic Motion of Pendulum)

T = 2π * √(L/g)

Standing Wave (Closed Pipe)

λ = 4L/n

Standing Wave Frequency(Closed Pipe)

f₁ = nv/4L

Standing Wave (Fixed Ends and Open Pipe)

λ = 2L/n

Standing Wave Frequency(Open Pipe)

f₁ = nv/2L

Rotational Kinetic Energy

KErot = 1/2Iω²

Magnitude of Acceleration

atan = Rα

Rolling Without Slipping

VCM = rw

Hookes Law

stress = modulus x strain

Angular Momentum

L = mvrsinθ

Moment of Inertia (Sphere)

I = 2/5 mL²

Tensile and Compression

Strain: AL/LO