Taxonomy of Forest Plants | 2nd Exam

Nomenclature

Nomenclature

Science dealing with the principle and procedure involve in naming a taxa.

unambiguous

A name must be completely __________ otherwise, there will be a communication breakdown.

descriptive phrase

Avoids the use of __________ it needs everytime we wish to refer to an object or group of an object

International Code of Nomenclature

Set of rules and recommendation that governs the scientific naming of algae, fungi, and plants.

International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants

The rule governing the formation of names for cultivated varieties of plants.

vernacular names

Cultivars have _________, not latinized names, can be subordinate to species, genera, hybrids or even vernacular names.

Cultivars

The only rank recognized below species level.

Intergeneric hybrid

Hybrid between two different species within the same genus.

Interspecific hybrid

Hybrid between two species of different genera of the same family.

Principle I

zoological; prokaryotic

Principle _

The nomenclature of algae, fungi, and plants is independent of __________ and _________ nomenclature.

Principle II

nomenclatural type

Principle _

The application of names of taxonomic groups is determined by means of __________.

Principle III

priority of publication

Principle _

The nomenclature of a taxonomic group is based upon __________.

Principle IV

one name

Principle _

Each taxonomic group can bear only _________, the earliest that follows the rules, except in specified cases.

Principle V

Latin

Principle _

Scientific names of taxonomic groups are treated as _________.

Principle VI

retroactive

Principle _

The rules of nomenclature are _________ unless expressly limited.

binomial

The generic name and the specific epithet form the _________ called the scientific name.

monomial

The names of taxa at the upper principal ranks above the species are _________.

infraspecific level

Names may be trinomials as in __________.

Nomenclatural type

__________ is that element to which the name of a taxon is permanently attached, whether as the correct name or as a synonym.

Holotype

The one specimen or other element used by the author or designated by him as the nomenclatural type.

Isotype

Duplicate of the holotype.

Syntype

Two or more specimen designated by the author when no holotype was designated.

Lectotype

One of the syntypes subsequently chosen to act as holotype.

Isolectotype

Duplicate of lectotype.

Neotype

Specimen designated to act as a holotype when no holotype or syntypes actually exist.

Boobootype

The type specimen of a name that should not have been published.

Kleptotype

A specimen, stolen from the original type material, which now serves as a type because the original type is destroyed or missing.

Topotypes

A specimen collected from the same locality from where the holotype was collected

Homonym

Any of two or more identical names based on different types.

Basionym

The name that provides an epithet that is transferred to a new combination at a different rank or position.

Tautonym

Binomial in which generic name and specific epithet are the same.

Synonym

Any of two or more names applied to the same taxon.

Hyponym

A name not based on a type species. Rejected name.

Typonym

A name based on a type species, not on diagnosis or description.

Autonym

An automatically created name for infrageneric or infraspecific taxa.

Alternative name

Two or more names, published at the same time by the same author for the same taxon

Conserved name

A validly published name that, by decision of an ICBN, shall be used inspite of being contrary to the rules.

Complete name

Name that must under the rule be adopted for a particular taxon.

Taxon transfer

_________ is associated with the retention of the basionym.

italicized; underlined

Species names are usually _________ when in print and _________ when typed , hand written or printed

Masculine

Gender Agreement

albus

Neuter

Gender Agreement

nigrum

Masculine/Feminine

Gender Agreement

brevis

Neuter

Gender Agreement

acre

Feminine

Gender Agreement

nigra

Relating to (a) botanical character

Derivation of Generic Names

Pterocarpus

Relating to (a) botanical character

Derivation of Generic Names

Rhizophora

In honor of some famous botanists

Derivation of Generic Names

Magnolia

Abstract things

Derivation of Generic Names

Crypteronia

Use of the plant

Derivation of Generic Names

Ormosia

Modification of the name of a related genus

Derivation of Generic Names

Neonauclea

Commemorating head of states

Derivation of Generic Names

Victoria

Similarity to peculiar object

Derivation of Generic Names

Cynometra

Common name in another language

Derivation of Generic Names

Ludekia

Origin/Source of the plant

Derivation of Generic Names

Taiwania

Reflecting to a botanical characteristics of a plant

Derivation of Specific Epithet

toxicaria

Locality where it was first collected

Derivation of Specific Epithet

philippinensis

Similarity with other plant

Derivation of Specific Epithet

pseudopalma

Based on a natural habitat

Derivation of Specific Epithet

littoralis

Based on common name of the plant on the time collection

Derivation of Specific Epithet

almon

In honor of a famous botanist

Derivation of Specific Epithet

blancoi

Based on natural habitat of the plant

Derivation of Specific Epithet

montana

Uses of the plants

Derivation of Specific Epithet

papyrifera

Name of another plant opposition

Derivation of Specific Epithet

bambusaefolia

Based on the locality where it first was collected

Derivation of Specific Epithet

agsaboensis

golden yellow

Translation (Latin to English)

aurea

pale yellow

Translation (Latin to English)

flavus/luteulus

red

Translation (Latin to English)

coccinea/punica/rubra

spiny

Translation (Latin to English)

spinosa

snow white

Translation (Latin to English)

niveus

cream

Translation (Latin to English)

pallida

climbing

Translation (Latin to English)

scandens

twinning

Translation (Latin to English)

volubilis

hanging

Translation (Latin to English)

pendula

large flower

Translation (Latin to English)

macarantha

spotted

Translation (Latin to English)

maculata

small flower

Translation (Latin to English)

parviflora

perrenial

Translation (Latin to English)

semperviva

round-leaved

Translation (Latin to English)

rotundifolia

very small

Translation (Latin to English)

minutus

very large

Translation (Latin to English)

giganteus

saffron yellow

Translation (Latin to English)

croceus

chalky white

Translation (Latin to English)

calcareous

dark green

Translation (Latin to English)

alrovirens

tallest

Translation (Latin to English)

altissima

officinalis

Translation (English to Latin)

with herbal uses

carpellum

Translation (English to Latin)

carpel

receptaculum

Translation (English to Latin)

receptacle

pistillum

Translation (English to Latin)

pistil

ovulum

Translation (English to Latin)

ovule

lobata

Translation (English to Latin)

lobed

odorata

Translation (English to Latin)

odorous/perfumed

flava / lutea

Translation (English to Latin)

yellow

campanatula

Translation (English to Latin)

bell

edule

Translation (English to Latin)

edible

sticky

Translation (Latin to English)

viscosa/glutinosa

velvety

Translation (Latin to English)

velutina

cultivated

Translation (Latin to English)

sativa

common

Translation (Latin to English)

vulgaris

Justinea mangangeyii

Convert your name into a scientific name (First name - Genus; Last Name - Specific Epithet).