Incarceration Nation Exam 3 Statistics

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This is for exam 3. Jail, Prison, Solitary Confinement, Women, & Working in Jails/Prisons

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63 Terms

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Average number of people in U.S. jails daily
About 600,000-700,000 people.
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Annual admissions to U.S. jails
Roughly 10-11 million admissions annually.
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Proportion of pretrial detainees in jail
About 65%.
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Median length of stay in jail
Less than one week.
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Percentage of jail inmates who are women
Around 15%.
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Percentage of jail inmates with a history of mental illness
Approximately 44%.
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Percentage of people released from jail who are rearrested within five years
About 75%.
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Number of local jails in the U.S.
More than 3,000.
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Effect of jail on people according to Irwin
It causes disorientation and often pushes people further outside society.
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Total number of people in state and federal prisons in 2022
1,230,100 total prisoners.
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Percentage of prisoners in state vs. federal prisons
87% state, 13% federal.
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Number of women in prison at yearend 2022
87,800 women, about 7% of all prisoners.
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Overall imprisonment rate in 2022
453 per 100,000 U.S. adults.
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Change in U.S. imprisonment rate from 2012 to 2022
It's down 28% from 2012 to 2022.
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Male vs. female imprisonment rate in 2022
857 per 100,000 men, 62 per 100,000 women.
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Imprisonment rate by race in 2022
Black: 1,196; AI/AN: 1,042; Hispanic: 603; White: 229; Asian/PI: 88 (per 100,000).
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Black imprisonment rate compared to Asian rate
About 13× higher.
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Black imprisonment rate compared to White rate
About 5× higher.
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Black imprisonment rate compared to Hispanic rate
Nearly 2× higher.
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Year the first U.S. supermax prison opened
1983, in Marion, Illinois.
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Number of supermax institutions by the late 1990s
Around 60 facilities.
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Number of people held in supermax solitary confinement
About 25,000 inmates.
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Number of people in other forms of restrictive housing or isolation
Between 50,000-80,000 inmates.
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Proportion of Mississippi's prisoners once held in supermax solitary
About 12%.
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Increased likelihood of dying in the first year after release for solitary confinement survivors
24% more likely to die.
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Increased likelihood of dying by suicide after release for solitary survivors
78% more likely.
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Increased likelihood of dying from opioid overdose within two weeks of release for solitary survivors
127% more likely.
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Duration Jesse Wilson reported living in a cage in solitary confinement
Over 8 years.
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Percentage increase in women's incarceration in local jails from 1990-2019
119% increase.
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Percent of jail populations that are women
About 15%.
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Percent of state prisoners that are women
Roughly 8%.
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Change in share of female state prisoners from 1978-2019
Increased from 4% to almost 8%.
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Change in share of female jail inmates from 1978-2019
Increased from 6% to 15%.
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Top offense categories for women in prison (2021)
25% drug, 19% property, 46% violent, 10% public order.
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Percent of women in prison serving for drug offenses (up from 1986)
Increased from 12% (1986) to 25% (2021).
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State with the highest female imprisonment rate (2022)
Idaho, with 132 per 100,000.
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State with the lowest female imprisonment rate (2022)
Massachusetts, with 7 per 100,000.
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Percent of youth in residential placement that are girls
14% (3,554 girls).
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Change in confinement of girls since 2001
Decreased by over 75% (from 15,104 to 3,554).
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Confinement rate for girls ages 10-17
21 per 100,000.
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Incarceration rate of Native American girls compared to white girls
4× higher (76 vs. 19 per 100,000).
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Incarceration rate of Black girls compared to white girls
2.5× higher (46 vs. 19 per 100,000).
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Proportion of incarcerated girls held for status offenses or probation violations
Almost 25%.
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Percent of correctional officers in Massachusetts sample assaulted by inmates
50%.
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Percent of officers who witnessed a staff assault
54%.
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Percent of officers who personally knew another officer who died by suicide
65%.
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Percent of officers who responded to a suicide among incarcerated persons
35%.
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Percent of correction officers who are male and white
85% male, 86% white.
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Percent of correction officers who are veterans
31%.
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Percent of correction officers suffering from PTSD
Between 15%-34%.
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Percent of correction officers suffering from anxiety
24%-25%.
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Percent of correction officers suffering from depression
24%-60%.
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Comparison of correction officer depression rates to general population
General public is about 6-7%, much lower.
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Correction officer suicide rate in Massachusetts (2010-2015)
105 per 100,000, more than 10× the state average (9 per 100,000).
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Comparison of correction officer suicide rate to prisoner suicide rate
About twice as high (105 vs. 40 per 100,000).
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Georgia's prison officer vacancy rate in recent years
Up to 70%.
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Increase in Nebraska's officer overtime hours since 2010
Quadrupled.
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Number of prisons Florida closed due to understaffing
Three prisons.
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Percent of federal prison guard positions currently filled
≈93%, leaving ~1,000 vacancies.

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