EMT 2022 Chapter 19 quiz

A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty, and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:

A. aortic aneurysm

B. kidney stones

C. strangulated hernia

D. acute pancreatitis

A. aortic aneurysm

A strangulated hernia is one that:

A. can be pushed back into the body cavity to which it belongs

B. spontaneously reduces without any surgical intervention

C. loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues

D. is reducible if surgical intervention occurs within 2 hrs

C. loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues

Chronic renal failure is a condition that:

A. is often caused by hypertension or diabetes

B. occurs from conditions such as dehydration

C. can be reversed with prompt treatment

D. causes dehydration from excessive urination

A. is often caused by hypertension or diabetes

Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:

A. ileus

B. appendicitis

C. cholecystitis

D. an ulcer

D. an ulcer

Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:

A. have uncontrolled diabetes

B. consume a lot of alcohol

C. have a history of esophagitis

D. have a weak immune system

B. consume a lot of alcohol

Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:

A. lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen

B. sit fully upright because it helps relax the abdominal muscles

C. lie in a supine position with their knees in a flexed position

D. sit in a semi-fowler position with their knees slightly flexed

A. lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen

Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:

A. radiating pain

B. visceral pain

C. remote pain

D. referred pain

D. referred pain

Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:

A. appendicitis

B. pancreatitis

C. cholecystitis

D. gastroenteritis

A. appendicitis

Solid abdominal organs include the:

A. urinary bladder, colon, & ureters

B. stomach & small intestine

C. gallbladder & large intestine

D. spleen, kidneys, & pancreas

D. spleen, kidneys, & pancreas

The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:

A. retaining key electrolytes, such as potassium

B. eliminating toxic waste products from the body

C. accommodating a large amount of blood volume

D. removing sodium & water from the body

D. removing sodium & water from the body

The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:

A. severe pain

B. peritonitis

C. high fever

D. internal bleeding

B. peritonitis

The parietal peritoneum lines the:

A. surface of the abdominal organs

B. retroperitoneal space

C. walls of the abdominal cavity

D. lungs & chest cavity

C. walls of the abdominal cavity

The principal symptom in both infectious & noninfectious gastroenteritis is:

A. diarrhea

B. dysuria

C. vomiting

D. high fever

A. diarrhea

Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men?

A. cholecystitis

B. cystitis

C. pancreatitis

D. hepatitis

B. cystitis

Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?

A. symptom relief after taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

B. burning or gnawing stomach pain that subsides immediately after eating

C. sharp pain that is typically located in both lower abdominal quadrants

D. the passage of bright red blood in the stool or coughing up blood

B. burning or gnawing stomach pain that subsides immediately after eating

Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, & produces antibodies?

A. liver

B. kidneys

C. spleen

D. pancreas

C. spleen

Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?

A. spleen

B. gallbladder

C. liver

D. pancreas

D. pancreas

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?

A. appendix

B. stomach

C. gallbladder

D. liver

D. liver

Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?

A. the parietal peritoneum is typically the first abdominal layer that becomes inflamed or irritated

B. the most common cause of an acute abdomen is inflammation of the gallbladder & liver

C. an acute abdomen almost always occurs as the result of blunt trauma to solid abdominal organs

D. the initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague & poorly localized

D. the initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague & poorly localized

Your patient's past medical history includes hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and seizures. Today, he presents with signs of acute renal failure. Which of his medical problems MOST likely caused this?

A. seizures

B. diabetes

C. hypertension

D. heart failure

D. heart failure