eye and ear anatomy

Sclera

Fibrous layer
White part of the eye

Cornea

Fibrous layer
the transparent layer forming the anterior (front) eye that refracts light as it enters the eye.

Choroid

a highly vascular membrane
Between the retina and the sclera

Ciliary Body

Vascular layer
A ring of smooth muscle that alters the shape of the lens to focus light on the retina.

Suspensory ligaments

Vascular layer
Fine threads that connect the ciliary body to the lens; contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle changes the shape of the lens to focus light on the retina.

Retina

Iris

Vascular layer
A pigmented ring of smooth muscle cells that surround the pupil and controls the amount of light that enters the eye.

Pupil

Vascular Layer
An opening in the iris through which light enters the eye.

Lense

fovea centralis

Neural Layer (retina)
An area of the retina with the highest density of cones that produces high acuity vision.

macula lutea

Neural Layer (retina)
center of the retina, where photoreceptors are conctrated; appears as a yellow spot on retina

optic disc

Neural Layer (retina)
Blind spot
does not contain any photoreceptors

Optic Nerve

vitreous humor

Thick fluid located in the posterioir cavity of the eyeball.

anterior chamber

Anterior Cavity
located behind the cornea and in front of the iris

posterior chamber

Anterior Cavity
located posterior to the lens, filled with vitreous humor

aqueous humor

Watery fluid that fills te anterior cavity of the eyeball

Sclera Venous Sinus

Arteriole/Venule

Auricle

Outer ear
also known as pinna
Consists of elastic cartilage covered with skin

Auditory Canal

Outer ear
transmits sound waves from the pinna to the tympanic membrane of the middle ear

Fundus

Inside back surface of eye

Conjunctiva

Superior Rectus Muscle

Lateral Rectus Muscle

Inferior Rectus Muscle

Medial Rectus Muscle

Superior Oblique Muscle

Inferior Oblique Muscle

Lacrimal Apparatus

lacrimal Gland With Duct

Lacrimal Canaliculi

Lacrimal Sac

Nasolacrimal Duct

Tympanic membrane

Outer ear
The membrane that separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear.
Vibrates when struck by sound waves and transmits the vibrations to auditory ossicles.

pharyngotympanic tube

middle ear
The passageway that connexts the middle ear and the nasopharynx

Ossicles

Middle ear
A chain of 3 bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) that connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window.

Malles

Incus

Stapes

oval window

middle ear
Boundary between air filled middle ear and fluid filled inner ear.

Vestibule

inner ear
Its wall contains the membraous oval window.
Houses two portions of the membranous labyrith filled with endolymph, the utricle and saccule.

Semicircular Duct

Vestibular Nerve

vestibulocochlear nerve

Stem connecting the cochlear and vestibuli nerve

Cochlea

Inner ear
A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

Cochlear duct

located in between the tympanic duct and the vestibular duct

Scala Vestibuli

the upper bony passage of the cochlea.

Basilar Membrane

a membrane in the cochlea that bears the organ of Corti.

Spiral organ

Tectorial membrane

Hair Cells

Cochlear nerve

Scala Tympani

Round Window

1st Pathway of Sound vibration in ear

Tympanic membrane

2nd Pathway of sound in ear

Auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)

3rd Pathway of sound in ear

Scala Vestibuli

4th (A) Pathway of sound in ear

Scala Tympani

4th (B) Pathway of sound in ear

Basilar membrane