Wars of the Roses - Henry IV 1399-1413 UNFINISHED

Usurpation of the throne

1399

Epiphany Rising

1400

Death of Richard II

1400

Invasion of Scotland

1400

Welsh rebellion begins

1400

Alliance with the King of Portugal

1400

Capture of Sir Edmund Mortimer

1402

Statutes against Wales

1402

Battle of Homildon Hill

1402

English fleet to Aquitaine

1402

Marriage to Joan of Brittany

1402

Marriage of daughter Blanch, to heir to King of the Romans

1402

Alliance with the Kind of Castile

1402

Hotspur’s rebellion & the battle of Shrewsbury

1403

French naval attacks

1404

Scrope’s rebellion

1405

Hanseatic trade league restictions

1405

French troops sent to Wales

1405

Long Parliament

1406M

Marriage of Daughter, Phillipa to King of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark

1406

Battle of Bramham Moor

1408E

End of Council under Prince Henry

Death of Henry IV

Why did Henry face challenges?

• He was a usurper

• Set a precedent for overmighty subjects

• Other possible Kings - Edmund Mortimer and Richard II

• Henry lost support from some Nobles

• Challenges from france

• Conflict with Scotland

• Military Challenges

Other possible Kings

• By primogeniture, Edward Mortimer, 5th Earl of March was rightfully King

• Richard II and was still alive —> Led to Epiphany Uprising in an attempt to restore Him to the throne

Welsh Rebellion

• Led by Owain Glyndwr

• Began in 1400 and lasted until 1409

• Instrumental in dividing Henry IV from his former allies the Percies

Loss of support from Nobles

Led to Hotspur and Earl of Worcester to rebel in 1403

French Challenges

• Richard II’s widow returned to France with no dowry

• Henry challenged to armed combat with duke of Orleans in 1402-3

• England held Lands in Aquitaine

• France raided the south coast and sent troops to support Glyndwr in Wales

Scottish Challenges

• Scotland did not recognise Henry IV as King