Coagulation Cascade

for BIOE 3020 Exam 2

where are endothelial cells found

lining all cardiovascular system

what is released when platelets are damaged

granule contents: ADP, thromboxane, small thrombin

what is a zymogen

enzymes in an inactive form

protease/proenzyme definition

enzymes that activate macromoelcules with enzymatic cleavage or conformational change

MMPs

zinc dependent protease for ECM proteins

draw out the intrinsic coagulation cascade

what does the intrinsic coagulation cascade require

factors (VIII,IX,X,XI,XII), prekallikrein, calcium ions, phospholipids

what is in the tenase complex

calcium ions, FVIIIa, FIXa, FX

purpose of tenase complex

localized clotting at the surface

tenase complex formation

phospholipids exposed during platelet activation, cause formation

what is required for the extrinsic coagulation cascade

factor VII, thrombin, tissue factor (FIII)

draw out the extrinsic coagulation cascade

what is required for the common coagulation cascade

prothrombinase complex:(platelet phospholipids, calcium, FXa,FVa, prothrombin), fibrinogen(FI)

draw out the common coagulation cascade

2 ways coagulation is controlled

surface localization thru thrombin and FX, and blood flow dilution of activated factors

coagulation inhibitors

antithrombin III + heparin

what does fibrinolysis require

plasmin, tPA, urokinase, plasminogen-activator inhibitors 1&2, macroglobulin, antiplasmin

fibrinolysis process

urokinase + tPA activate during injury, bind to fibrin with plasminogen (inhibited by plasminogen-activator inhibitors)→ turned into plasmin & eat fibrin clot (inhibited by macroglubin + antiplasmin)

fibrin monomers become…

gel-like, signal end of APTT and PT