Untitled Flashcards Set

Scientific Revolution

A period marked by advancements in science and questioning of traditional beliefs.

Natural rights

Rights that every individual is born with, such as life, liberty, and property.

Hobbes' view on government

Favored absolute monarchy, believing that people are inherently evil.

Locke's view on government

Believed in natural rights of life, liberty, and property, advocating for a government that protects these rights.

Montesquieu's view on government

Proposed the separation of powers within government to prevent tyranny.

Rousseau's view on government

Argued that humans are naturally good; wrote 'The Social Contract' emphasizing collective will.

French Revolution causes

Financial crisis caused by King Louis XIV's extravagant spending.

Estate General

A meeting of representatives from the three estates of France called to address the debt crisis.

Tennis Court Oath

A pledge taken by the National Assembly not to disband until a constitution was established.

Reign of Terror

A period of mass executions during the French Revolution led by leaders like Danton and Robespierre.

Napoleon's coup d'état

A sudden seizure of power that led to Napoleon becoming the ruler of France.

Napoleonic Code

A comprehensive set of laws established by Napoleon that influenced legal systems.

Congress of Vienna

A meeting to restore monarchies and establish peace in Europe after Napoleon's reign.

Industrial Revolution

A transformative period marked by the shift to machine-based manufacturing and urbanization.

Wage Employment

A system where workers earn wages in factories instead of working on farms for shares of crops.

Adam Smith

An economist who advocated for free market policies with minimal government interference.

Karl Marx

A philosopher who argued that capitalism leads to class struggle and advocated for communism.

Imperialism

The policy of extending a nation's power through colonization and domination of other regions.

Open Door Policy

A principle that allowed equal trading rights for all nations in China, aimed at preventing monopolies.

Boxer Rebellion

A 1900 uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence and imperialism.

Sepoy Rebellion

A revolt against British rule in India by Indian soldiers known as sepoys, in response to cultural insensitivity.