social studies

Northwest Ordinance

Law that described how the Northwest Territory was to be governed and set forth how the subdivisions within said territory may become states.

Shays' Rebellion

A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high-interest rates and taxes.

Federalists

Supporters of the U.S. Constitution at the time the states were contemplating its adoption, later advocated for strong central government.

Bill of Rights

the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, ratified in 1791; they ensure certain rights and liberties to the people.

3/5 Compromise

The decision at the Constitutional Convention to count slaves as 3/5 of a person for the purpose of deciding the population and determining how many seats each state would have in Congress.

Precedent

An example that may serve as a basis for imitation or later action.

Veto

Chief executive's power to reject a bill passed by a legislature.

Cabinet

A group of advisers to the president.

Tariff

A tax on imported goods.

Whiskey Rebellion

1794 protest against the government's tax on whiskey by backcountry farmers.

XYZ Affair

A 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats, resulted in a limited, undeclared war known as the Quasi-War.

Embargo

An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

Treaty of Ghent

Treaty that ended the War of 1812 and maintained prewar conditions.

Hartford Convention

Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Democratic-Republican Party. These actions were largely viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalists much influence.

American System

Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy.

Monroe Doctrine

A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.

1781

The year the Articles of Confederation were ratified.

True

True or False; the Articles of Confederation had many weaknesses.

True

True or False; the Articles of Confederation lacked the power to enforce laws.

False

True or False; the Articles of Confederation advocated for a strong central government.

True

True or False; the Articles of Confederation lacked the power to levy taxes.

False

True or False; the Articles of Confederation had the power to regulate trade between the states.

True

True or False; the Articles of Confederation required all 13 states to agree to something before they made a decision.

K

Know that interstate/international commerce and trade made a constitution necessary. Type "K" to get this question right.

Strong Central

Congress being unable to stop Shays' Rebellion in a quick fashion provided evidence for the need of a ______ ______ government.

True

True or False; the Northwest Ordinance outlawed slavery in the territory.

True

True or False; the Northwest Ordinance was one of the few accomplishments of the Articles of Confederation.

1787, Months

The Constitutional Convention, beginning in ____, went on for several ______.

9

How many states needed to approve the Constitution for it to be ratified?

Rhode Island

Which state was never called to the Constitutional Convention due to opposition?

Federalist

Was John Jay a Federalist or Democratic Republican?

Democratic Republican

Was Thomas Jefferson a Federalist or Democratic Republican?

Federalist

Was Alexander Hamilton a Federalist or Democratic Republican?

Democratic Republican

Was Patrick Henry a Federalist or Democratic Republican?

Federalist

Was James Madison a Federalist or Democratic Republican (at first)?

Democratic Republican

Was James Monroe a Federalist or Democratic Republican?

Larger, Smaller, Population, Senate, Representatives

The Virginia Plan supported ______ states, while the New Jersey Plan supported ______ states. The debate was over should ______ play a role in a state's influence in the government. Virginia said yes, New Jersey said no. In the end, a compromise was reached. The ______ would hold to the New Jersey Plan, while the House of ______ would hold to the Virginia Plan.

Slave, Free, Slaves

The 3/5 compromise was an argument between S_____ states and F_____ states. The debate was over whether or not ______ should count towards a state's population. If they did, it would increase said state's representation in the government. A compromise would be reached, stating that slaves only counted 3/5 of a person.

Federalists, Amendments

Protecting Rights was a debate between ______ and those against this political party. This party wanted the government to be bigger, and their beliefs led to the Bill of Rights being created, the first 10 ______.

False

True or False; the Constitution was universally ratified rapidly and there were very little disagreements.

Deleware

First state to ratify the constitution.

Legislative Branch

Makes laws.

Executive Branch

Enforces laws.

Judicial Branch

Interprets the laws.

K

Know that all three branches of government check each other's power. Type "K" to get this question right.

Executive Branch

______ ______ can veto a law passed by Congress.

Judicial Branch

______ ______ can declare laws unconstitutional.

Executive Branch

______ ______ appoints/nominates judges to the Supreme Court.

Legislative Branch

______ ______ can override a presidential veto with a 2/3 majority vote.

Executive Branch

______ ______ may adjourn Congress in an emergency situation.

Judicial Branch

______ ______ may declare executive actions unconstitutional.

Legislative Branch

______ ______ may ratify treaties.

Legislative Branch

______ ______ may propose constitutional amendments to overrule judicial decisions.

Legislative Branch

______ ______ may impeach the president.

Legislative Branch

______ ______ may withhold funding for presidential initiatives.

False

True or False; although George Washington was immensely popular, his presidential victory wasn't unanimous.

President, Cabinet

George Washington set several precedents such as being referred to as "Mr. ______" and using a ______.

Jefferson, Hamilton, Knox, Randolph

George Washington's cabinet included Secretary of State Thomas ______, Secretary of Treasury Alexander ______, Secretary of War Henry ______, and Attorney General Edmund ______.

Duty

George Washington accepted the job as president not because he wanted to, but because he saw it as his ______.

True

True or False; George Washington was careful in his use of power and frequently delegated.

Whiskey

George Washington led the US Army against the ______ Rebellion, leading to it crumbling.

British, Spanish

Washington's United States faced conflicts with Native Americans in the East, whom were backed by the B______ and S______.

Inflation

In matters of the economy, Washington dealt with the national debt and ______.

French, Federalists

Democratic Republicans supported the ______ Revolution, while the ______ didn't want to get involved.

True

True or False; Washington remained neutral in the French Revolution.

Hamilton, Jefferson

Alexander ______ supported a national bank while Thomas ______ didn't.

False

True or False; Washington sided with Jefferson and rejected the idea of a national bank.

Third

George Washington turned down a T______ term, setting yet another precedent.

Alliances, Parties

In his farewell address, Washington warned against entangling in foreign ______ and political ______.

1781

John Adams served from 1797 to ______.

Federalist

John Adams was a F______.

False

True or False; John Adams was known for being social and calm while in office.

Declaration, Congress, England, President

John Adams was a signer of the ______, a member of the Continental ______, the minister to France and ______, and America's first Vice ______.

XYZ, Sedition

John Adams was president during the ___ Affair and helped pass the Alien and ______ Acts which made it illegal to criticize federal office holders.

Navy

If Adams had decided to go to war with France, US history would be very different. John Adams is also known as the "Father of the ______", and added a position in his cabinet dedicated to this.

Burr

The election of 1800 was fought between Jefferson, a Dem-Rep, Aaron ______, and John Adams (both Federalists).

Religion, Monarchy

The Federalists claimed Jefferson was "godless" for advocating for freedom of ______, while the Dem-Reps argued that the Federalists would create a ______.

Hamilton, Jefferson, Duel

Burr and Jefferson tied, so the decision went to the House of Representatives. ______ distrusted Burr and got the Federalists to vote against him, giving ______ the presidency. Burr got so pissed at this he killed Hamilton in a ______.

Marbury vs. Madison

In 1801, outgoing President John Adams had issued William Marbury a commission as justice of the peace — but the new Secretary of State, James Madison, refused to deliver it. Marbury then sued to obtain it. What was the name of this court case?

True

True or False; Marbury vs. Madison ruled that Marbury did have a right to judgeship, however the court couldn't enforce this, handing Jefferson the victory.

Louisiana

Napoleon Bonaparte sold the ______ Territory to the United States.

False

True or False; the Louisiana Purchase tripled the size of the United States.

Lewis, Clark, Discovery

Merriweather ______ and William ______ led the Corps of ______ in a mission both scientific and commercial.

True

True or False; Jefferson cut the federal budget and fired all federal tax collectors.

Slaves

Thomas Jefferson was attacked because he had children with Sally Hemings, one of his ______.

Embargo Act

Legislation by the U.S. Congress in December 1807 that closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain. The act was Pres. Thomas Jefferson's response to British and French interference with neutral U.S. merchant ships during the Napoleonic Wars.

Madison, France

In response to his predecessor's Embargo Act, James ______ promised to trade with only one kingdom. He chose ______.

Soldiers, Hawks

The British attacked US ______ and helped Native Americans do the same, leading to congressmen called "War ______" to pressure James Monroe into declaring war.

False

True or False; the US was ready for the War of 1812.

False

True or False; during the War of 1812 the US successfully invaded Canada.

False

True or False; Fort McHenry, Horseshoe Bend (over Tecumseh's forces), and Lake Erie were British victories.

White House

The Brits burnt down the ______ ______ during the War of 1812.

Northwest, Slave

Eventually, the British got tired of the War of 1812 and sued for peace. This led to the Treaty of Ghent, in which the Brits relinquished claims of the ______ Territory and both countries vowed to work towards an end to the ______ trade.

New Orleans, Andrew Jackson

In 1815, the British, not knowing the war ended, headed to ______ ______ to take the mouth of the Mississippi. Here ______ ______ and his troops hid behind earthen fortifications and eventually picked off the red coats, leading to a decisive victory.

Florida

Spain ceded East ______ to the US and renounced claims to the west after Andrew Jackson put down issues there.

Hemisphere, Rebelling

The Monroe doctrine basically said "stay out of our ______." This policy was created due to colonies ______ near the Americans and Monroe didn't want European military presence all the way over here.

Free, Slave, Slave, Free, Southern

The Missouri Compromise was created because because the US wished to create a balance between the number for F______ and S______ states. Missouri would join as a ______ state while Maine would join as a ______ state. Also, no more slave states were to be permitted above Missouri's ______ border.