AMSCO HGAP VOCAB Knowledge Check #1 (4.1-4.3) Terms 1-28

Sovereignty

Sovereignty

The power of a political unit, or government, to rule over its own affairs

Nation

is a group of people who have certain things in common

Nation-State

nation of people who fulfill the qualifications of a state

Multinational State

is a country that contains more than one nation

Autonomous Region

A defined area within a state that has a high degree of self-government and freedom from its parent state

Semi-Autonomous Region

A state that has a degree of, but not complete self-rule

Stateless Nation

A group that has no independent political entity

Multi-State Nation

occurs when a nation has a state of its own but stretches across the borders of other states.

Nationalism

A nation's desire to create and maintain a state of its own.

Centripetal Forces

those that unify a group of people or a region.

Centrifugal Forces

those that divide a group of people or a region.

Imperialism

Ways of influencing another country or group of people by direct conquest, economic control, or cultural dominance.

Early Colonialism

The first wave of European colonialism was led by Spain and Portugal, and then by France and Britain. These countries established large empires in the Americas

Later Colonialism

the 19th century, the influence of the Spanish and Portuguese empires declined, which allowed other European countries to launch the second wave of colonization. competition to claim resources (to feed factories) and new markets (to sell goods) resulted in Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, and Germany seizing control of lands in Africa and Asia.

Berlin Conference

sometimes known as the Congo Conference, used these claims to form state boundaries in Africa with little regard to the existing ethnolinguistic, cultural, and political boundaries.

Self-Determination

The right to choose their own sovereign government without external influence.

Decolonization

The undoing of colonization, in which indigenous people reclaim sovereignty over their territory.

Genocide

Organized mass killing (mainly due to race, religion, ethnicity, or nationality.

Cold War

was a period of diplomatic, political, and military rivalry between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Satellite States

or states dominated by one another politically and economically.

Devolution

Process in which the central political unit gives one or more regions increased autonomy.

Geopolitics

Is the study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states.

Territoriality

is a willingness by a person or a group of people to defend the space they claim.

Religious Conflict

States' sovereignty might be well established on paper, but people might not fully accept it.

Economic Self-Determination

The reliance to import a country's majority of goods from the country they got free.

Neocolonialism

Economic, political, or even cultural control was indirectly exerted over developing countries.

Modern Globalization

After World War II and the establishment of the United Nations (UN), trade barriers were dramatically lowered, and a new era of globalization emerged

Choke Point

A place of physical congestion between wider regions of movement and interaction.