Behaviorism

Behaviorism

the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

habituation

decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation

affective forecasting

efforts to predict one's emotional reactions to future events

classical conditioning

a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events

learned helplessness

the hopelessness and passive resignation one learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

unconditioned stimulus

when a stimulus produces a reflexive response without prior learning

unconditioned response

when a response is automatically generated by an unconditioned stimulus

conditioned stimulus

when a stimulus with no prior association comes to elicit a response after being associated with the unconditioned stimulus

conditioned response

when a response occurs in the presence of the conditioned stimulus after an association is learned

operant conditioning

the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses

Thorndike's Law of Effect

behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, and behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely

Skinner's Operant Conditioning

Development consists of the pattern of behavioral changes that are brought about by rewards and punishments

Social Learning Theory

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

rotters theory

locus of control -- to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment

locus of control

a person's tendency to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment

Bandura's Theory

social learning theory

self-efficacy

An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task; influenced by self-concept

emotion

complex mixture of thought, sensation, and motivation in response to stimuli, conditioning or memories

Emotional intelligence

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions influencing

Alexithymic

having great difficulty putting descriptive labels on their feelings

Idiographic goals

goals that are unique to the individuals who pursue them

nomothetic goals

the relatively small number of essential motivations that almost everyone pursues

judgement goals

seeking to judge or validate an attribute in oneself

developing goals

a goal with the desire to improve oneself