Living in the IT Era 07-10-25

Lesson 2, Lesson 3

Basic parts of a computer

central processing unit (CPU), memory, keyboard, or other input devices, and a screen or other input device.

binary language

While we understand human language, the computer can understand machine language. It sees letters as a series of zeros and ones called the ?

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

Majority of computer systems use ? for converting characters into 0s and 1s.

7-bit code

The ASCII Code is a ? used to represent letters, numbers, and basic special characters

Programmers

People who write programs

codes

Another term used for a program is ?

Programming/coding

Writing programs is called ?

System Bus

New computer system, on its own, communicate through what is called a ?.

System bus

is a pathway composed of cables and connectors used to carry data from a computer’s peripheral devices- monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc. - to the CPU and main memory.

The data bus, address bus, control bus

3 types of buses

Personal Area Network (PAN)

a type of connection which is often limited to an individual. His or her personal dvices. within 10 meters reach

Local Area Network LAN

group of computers and other devices share a communication line

Wide Area Network WAN

Methods of communication

used in contemporary society to connect computer networks to one another

Wired connection

Computer systems have different connections which usually depend on the motherboard’s form factor.

USB, FireWire, Ethernet Cable, HDMI

Popular wired connections now required the following

USB

a connection/interface that allows the computer to communicate with system peripherals such as mouse, keyboard, printer, etc.

FireWire

type of connector that can transmit data to and from devices which have typical high data rates such as external hard drive.

Ethernet Cable

An internet cable transmit signals between a computer and a network devices such as a router, switch, or other computers

HDMI

is a connector for transmitting audio/video data which are compatible to computers, projectors and digital television

VGA

has been provided on many

PS/2

is a 6-pin connector uysed to connecct the mouse and keyboard to a computer.

Audio jacks

3.5mm jacks used for microphones (input), speakers (output). It uses color codes as well to indicate the type of input and output lines

Computer software

combination of instruction, data, in programs that the computer needs ini order to do a specific task. another term used for is computer program.

Programs

are a set of codes or instructions which are usually designed or written by computer programmers using a specific programming language

object-oriented programming

the most common type programming language used by programmers

system software, application software

2 types of computer software

application software

OS

allows a person to interact with the computer - from the hardware components and peripherals to all the installed software applications and files one has stored on the computer.

DOS, GUI

OS interactions can occur in two ways:

System platforms

usually needs an application program to run a certain application on it, or possibly, mulitple ones at the same time.

mobile applications

Using a smartphone in accessing the same websites is a different experience. Instead of using a web browser, ? are used.

Microsofts windows, Apples macOS

two most popular desktop system software

Banking

manipulates the entire banking system as it includes 24-hour

Workforce industry

Electronic commerce

helps boost the economy

Hospitals

the used of computers offer many benefits to both doctors and patients. creating patients databases of health records, treatment records, and medical records.

Internet

Network of networks
CLOUD
it is a worldwide system of computer networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission get information

Advanced Research Projects Agency’s Wide Area Network

The internet started as ?

Circuit switching

most common scheme

IP

server

designed to process any rquests for data and delivers data to other clients computers over a local network or thhe internet

client

is a computer or device that gets information

Subject directories

developed and maintained by hguman editors and not the elctric spiders or robots athat are used