Chapter 6 : Moore's Law and More

Understanding Moore’s law

Definition: chip performance per dollar doubles every eighteen months

Microprocessor:

executes instructions of a computer program

RAM

fast, chip based volatile storage

Volatile memory:

wiped clean while power is cut off

Nonvolatile memory

retains data even when powered down

Flash memory

nonvolatile, chip based storage

Solid State electronics

semiconductor based devices

Semiconductor

substance used inside most computer chips

Optical Fiber line:

high speed networking cable

AI and Machine learning

1. Cost reduction: training an image recognition model dropped from 1000 in 2017 to 7.43 in 2020 

2. Time reduction: training time decreased from 6.2 minutes in 2018 to 47 seconds in 2020 

Price Elasticity

Demand fluctuation with price change

Waves of computing

First wave: mainframe computers

Second wave: minicomputers

Third wave: PCs

Fourth Wave: internet computing

Fifth wave: smartphone revolution

Sixth wave: pervasive computing

Seventh Wave: future computing with huge brains

Smart Devices

smart thermostats, tweeting diapers, umbrellas with weather reports, smart billboards,smart license plates  

MicroControllers:

special purpose computing devices without an operating system

Internet of Things

low cost sensors, devices without an operating system

Smart pill bottles

flash when medication is due, trigger refills, notify caregivers  

Ingestible tech

sensors activated by digestive acids, sending vitals data 

Telemedicine

pills with cameras for remote health monitoring 

Tech for poverty alleviation mobile broadband

93% globla access

Esko

ghanian firm aiding farmers with market prices, farming tips via text messages

Physical challenges of moore’s law

challenges include heat, power, size, and quantum tunneling

Cooling solutions of moore’s law

submerged services, arctic data center,s mountain data centers, heat reuse

Multicore Microprocessors advantages

outperform single chips, run cooler, draw less power

Gernal purpose microprocessors

versatile but power hungry

ASICs

application-specific, fast power efficient

FPGAs

reprogrammable, faster, energy efficient

Carbon nanotubes

hyperefficient chips

Optical chips

use light instead of electricity

Quantum Computing

potential for unbreakable security, detailed human body representations, weather prediction

Grid computing

several computers woking together

Cluster computing

connected server computers solving tasks collectively

Cloud computing

services provided over the internet

Latency

delay in networking and data transfer speeds

E waste management challenges

toxic components, recycling difficulties, monitoring issues

E waste management solutions

robotics and AI for recyling, repsonsible disposal partners

Disney’s magic band uses

park admission, hotel entry, ride payments, meal delivery

integration of my magic+ for seamless expereince

efficient scheduling, reduced waste times, increased spending

Deployment challenges of disney’s magicband

ost: $1 billion for MyMagic+, $80 million for website integration, 

2. Coordination: Involvement of multiple internal and external groups, strong executive leadership  

Future innovation for disney

1. Genie App: customized plans based on interests 

2. Competitors: Universal’s TapuTapu wearable