Structure + Function Med bio

Anatomy

the study if an organisms structure

Physiology

considers how organisms body works

The organizational hierarchy of the body

cell, tissue, organ, organ structure

Extracellular matrix

a combination of interstitial fluid (water, gases, nutrients, cellular wastes) and protein fibers

Tissue categories

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

Epithelium Tissues

Tightly packed cells that coat internal an external surfaces

Types of epithelium

Squamous, Cubadoil, Columnar

Simple

one layer

Simple Squamous Epithelium

tissue is a single layer of flattened cells that allows substances to pass by diffusion + osmosis. In the lining of blood vessels and alveoli of the lung

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

a single later of cube-shaped cells that secret and absorb substances. In the glands and lining of kidney tubes

Simple Columnar Epithelium

a single layer of column, shaped called that secret and absorb. In lining of digestive tract, bronchi of lings, and uterine tubes.

Stratified epithelial tissues

multiple cell layers

Stratified squamous epithelium

tissue is multiple layers of flattend cells that protect ares subject to abrasion. In outer layer of skin

Connective Tissues

consists of cells scattered within an extracellular matrix rather than being connected to one another. Loose, dense, adipose

Loose connective tissue

consists of cells in a loose matrix of protein fibers (elastic and collagen.) It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissues to other tissues. It is under skin and between organs.

Dense connective tissue

consists of cells in a dense matrix of protein fibers. It connects muscle to bone and bone to bone. Tendons and ligaments

Adipose tissue

is fat cells in a minimal extracellular matrix. It stores fat for energy and insulation. Beneath skin, between muscles, around heart, around joints.

Cartilage

consist of cells in a matrix of fine collagen fibers. it provides flexible support. ears, joints, bore ends, respiratory tract

Bone

consists of cells in matrix of collagen and minerals. it provides firm support. Skeleton

Muscle tissue

consists of cells that contract when electrically stimulated. it attaches to soft tissue or bone when the cells contract, the body part moves.

Nervous tissue

uses electrical signals to rapidly transmit information within an animals body.

Organ systems

organs are arranged in ___________ that have interconnect structures and functions

Homeostasis

a state of internal constancy