Grade 10 Canadian History - Exam Review

This exam review includes a set of flashcards that will prepare you for the Grade 10 Canadian History Final Exam.

Aryan Race/Aryan Nation

A concept used by the Nazi’s to describe a “racially superior” group of people of Northern European descent.

Hiroshima

A Japanese city on which the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on August 6, 1945, during World War II.

Baby Boom

A period marked by a significant increase in birth rates following World War II, typically considered to have occurred from 1946 to 1964.

Battle of Ypres

A series of battles during World War I in the vicinity of Ypres, Belgium. It is particularly noted for the first large-scale use of chemical weapons by the Germans.

German-occupied Lands

Territories occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II, including Poland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and parts of the Soviet Union, among others.

Internment Camps

Camps used to detain people, such as Japanese Canadians, during World War II due to security concerns and wartime hysteria.

Charleston Dance

A popular dance of the 1920s, characterized by its fast pace and swinging moves, reflecting the joyful spirit of the Roaring Twenties.

Conscription

The mandatory enlistment of individuals into the military service, used by Canada during both World Wars.

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

A military alliance formed in 1949 between North American and European countries to counter Soviet expansion.

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of one's nation, often leading to the desire for national independence.

The Bluenose

A famous Canadian schooner (ship) from Nova Scotia, celebrated for its racing successes and depicted on the Canadian dime.

Flappers

Women in the 1920s who embraced new fashion and lifestyles, symbolizing independence and creativity.

Appeasement

 A policy of making concessions to dictatorial powers to avoid conflict, most notably used by Britain and France towards Nazi Germany before World War II.

Munich Agreement

A 1938 agreement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, an act of appeasement.

Nagasaki

The Japanese city on which the United States dropped the second atomic bomb on August 9, 1945, leading to Japan's surrender in World War II.

Holocaust

The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazi regime during World War II.

Person's Case

A 1929 Canadian constitutional case that determined women were eligible to sit in the Senate, affirming women's legal rights.

Prohibition

A period during which the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages were banned in Canada and the United States.

Suez Canal Crisis

A 1956 conflict triggered by Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal, involving Egypt, Israel, France, and the United Kingdom, with international repercussions.

Trench Foot

A painful condition of the feet caused by prolonged exposure to damp, unsanitary, and cold conditions, common among soldiers in World War I trenches.

World War I airplanes

 Aircraft used during WWI for scouting, bombing, and air combat, marking the first major use of aviation in warfare.

WW1 effect on Canada

 Significant impacts including loss of life, economic strain, social change, and a strengthened sense of national identity and independence.

Relief/depression

Government programs and policies designed to provide economic assistance during the Great Depression of the 1930s.

Detterence

A military strategy aimed at preventing aggression by showcasing the ability to respond strongly, notably during the Cold War.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A 1962 confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba, bringing the world close to nuclear war.

Bilingualism

The policy of promoting the use of two languages, notably English and French in Canada, for government and public affairs.

Biculturalism

The mutual respect of two distinct cultures within a country, particularly in Canada regarding English and French cultures.

Pierre Trudeau

The 15th Prime Minister of Canada, known for his charismatic leadership and policies promoting bilingualism, multiculturalism, and constitutional reform.

Beatlemania

The intense fan frenzy directed towards the British rock band The Beatles in the 1960s.

Winston Churchill

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during much of World War II, known for his leadership and inspiring speeches.

Cold War

The prolonged geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States and their respective allies from the end of World War II until the early 1990s.

War Brides

Foreign women who married soldiers during or after World War II and moved to their husbands' home countries, including many who came to Canada.

Dieppe Raid

A 1942 Allied military operation on the German-occupied port of Dieppe, France, notable for its heavy casualties and lessons learned.

"Fuhrer"

A title meaning "leader" in German, most famously associated with Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Nazi Germany.

Battle of Vimy Ridge

A 1917 battle in World War I where Canadian forces captured Vimy Ridge in France, a significant national achievement.

Berlin Wall

A barrier that divided East and West Berlin from 1961 to 1989, symbolizing the Cold War division between communist and capitalist blocs.

Branch Plant System

The establishment of subsidiary factories and businesses in Canada by foreign, particularly American, companies.

Group of Seven

A group of Canadian landscape painters in the 1920s known for their distinctive style and promotion of Canadian art.

Great Depression

The severe global economic downturn that started in 1929 and lasted through much of the 1930s, causing widespread hardship.

Mein Kampf/My Struggle

A book written by Adolf Hitler outlining his ideology and future plans for Germany, which became a foundational text for Nazi ideology.

Alliances/WWI

The network of treaties and alliances that contributed to the outbreak of World War I, including the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance.

Canadian Flag

The national flag of Canada, featuring a red maple leaf, adopted in 1965.

Model T Ford

An affordable automobile produced by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927, revolutionizing transportation and industry.

Blitzkrieg

A military tactic used by Nazi Germany during World War II involving fast, powerful attacks to quickly overwhelm the enemy.

Pearl Harbor

A surprise attack by Japan on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941, leading to the U.S. entering World War II.

Stock Market Crash

The 1929 collapse of stock prices on Wall Street, leading to the Great Depression.

Al Capone

A notorious American gangster during the Prohibition era, known for his involvement in organized crime in Chicago.

R.B. Bennet (Conservative)

The Prime Minister of Canada from 1930 to 1935, who faced the challenges of the Great Depression.

Trench Mouth

An acute form of gingivitis that causes painful, bleeding gums, common among soldiers in the trenches during World War I due to poor hygiene.

Female employment during/after WWI

Women took on various roles traditionally held by men during World War I, leading to greater gender equality in the workforce post-war.

ICBMs (Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles)

Long-range missiles capable of delivering nuclear warheads, central to Cold War deterrence strategies.

NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command)

A joint U.S.-Canadian organization providing aerospace warning and defense for North America, established in 1958.

Hippies

A youth counterculture movement in the 1960s known for its anti-establishment values, peace activism, and distinctive lifestyle.

DEW (distant early warning)

A system of radar stations in the Arctic Circle, established during the Cold War to detect incoming Soviet bombers and missiles.

Birth of Rock & Roll

The emergence of rock & roll music in the 1950s, characterized by a blend of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel music.

Atomic bomb

A powerful nuclear weapon first used by the United States during World War II on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

FLQ (Front de libération du Québec)

A separatist and terrorist organization in Quebec that conducted bombings and kidnappings during the 1960s and 1970s.

Lester Pearson

The 14th Prime Minister of Canada, known for his role in establishing peacekeeping forces and winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957.

Iron Curtain

A term popularized by Winston Churchill to describe the division between the Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe and the West during the Cold War.

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929, the day of the most devastating stock market crash in U.S. history, marking the start of the Great Depression.

War Measures Act - WWII

A Canadian law that granted the government broad powers during wartime, used during World War II to intern Japanese Canadians.

Treaty of Versailles

The 1919 peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.

Militarism

The belief in building up a strong armed forces to prepare for war and the dominance of the military in the policies of a country.

Automobile/effects of

The mass production and widespread use of automobiles, particularly in the early 20th century, revolutionized transportation, led to the growth of suburbs, and had significant economic and social impacts, including the development of road infrastructure and the creation of new industries.

Henry Ford/Assembly line

Henry Ford was an American industrialist who founded the Ford Motor Company and revolutionized manufacturing with the introduction of the assembly line, which significantly lowered the cost of production and made automobiles affordable for the average person.

Final Solution

The Nazi regime's plan to systematically exterminate the Jewish population of Europe during World War II, resulting in the Holocaust.

United Nations

An international organization founded in 1945 after World War II to promote peace, security, and cooperation among countries.

Axis Powers

The coalition led by Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II, opposing the Allied Powers.

Roaring Twenties

A period of economic prosperity and cultural change in the 1920s, marked by significant developments in music, dance, fashion, and social norms.

Warsaw Pact

A military alliance of communist nations in Eastern Europe, established in 1955 as a counterbalance to NATO, including the Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, and others.

Mary Pickford

A Canadian-born actress and one of the most popular and influential film stars of the early 20th century, known as "America's Sweetheart."

Business Cycle

The natural rise and fall of economic growth that occurs over time, consisting of periods of expansion (booms) and contraction (recessions).

Trench Warfare

A type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines largely comprising military trenches, in which troops are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery, predominantly used in World War I.

Women in WWII

Women played crucial roles during World War II, working in factories, serving in the military, and contributing to the war effort in various capacities, leading to significant changes in gender roles and societal expectations.

Young men in the depression

During the Great Depression, many young men faced high unemployment, leading to widespread hardship, migration in search of work, and participation in government programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in the United States.

Igor Gouzenko

A Soviet cipher clerk who defected to Canada in 1945, revealing a Soviet espionage network in the West and initiating the Cold War era of heightened intelligence activity.

Charles DeGaulle

A French military leader and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II and later founded the French Fifth Republic, serving as its first President.

Activists

Individuals or groups who campaign for social, political, economic, or environmental change, often through protests, lobbying, or grassroots organizing.