Unit 2: The Era of British Colonialism

Georgia

James Oglethorpe

Massachusetts Bay

John Winthrop

Virginia's governor during Bacon's rebellion.

William Berkeley

Rhode Island

Roger Williams

Plymouth

William Bradford

Pennsylvania

William Penn

Said that anything that could be made in England could not be imported to England

What were the Navigation Acts? How did their enforcement (or lack of) impact the colonies?

The colonists' goods were taken for the soldiers and they were taxed a lot

Describe the colonists' role in the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War), and indicate the consequences of the French defeat for Americans.

England gained most of France's territory in the New World, war debt, american revolution

What were the key results of the French and Indian War?

The winners were England for the most part - more land but less money
Spain - gained Louisiana area
Losers were France

Assess the winners and losers regarding the Treaty of Paris.

When Ben Franklin had the meeting about protection against the Indians, the other leaders only wanted to protect their own colony and didn't care about the others

How was the Albany Plan an example of colonial disunity?

Conquest by the Cradle
Made colonies expand, posed a threat to England, 90% were rural, first cities

Describe and discuss the importance of American population growth during the period 1700-1775.

He used powerful religious ideas to bring the indians to actions
War on the british, british outposts fall to the indians, british lose all but three forts in the backcountry
Caused by the french and indian war

What was Pontiac's Rebellion?

Intend to kill every indian in pennsylvania
Counter rebellion
Gave themselves authority
Paxton Pennsylvania - West

Who were the Paxton Boys? Where were they from and what was their purpose?

Lord Proprietor of Carolina

Anthony Ashley Cooper

Maryland

The Calverts

The city was claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft.

What precipitated the Salem Village witchcraft crisis occurred for which of the following reasons?

As the tobacco boom recedes people start to grow other things, diversify crops, good for economy

How did Virginia change as the tobacco boom of the 1630s and 1640s receded?

In 1619 the first black Africans came to Virginia. With no slave laws in place, they were initially treated as indentured servants and given the same opportunities for freedom dues as whites.

When and why did slavery as a permanent condition of servitude develop in Virginia?

They attempt to accumulate the largest possible share of that wealth by maximizing their exports and by limiting their imports via tariffs.

Describe the philosophy of mercantilism.

So England could control the cost and assign a value to the raw materials from the colonies much less than the value of the goods on a global open market.

Why did Great Britain seek to control colonial trade?

Prevented the colonies from shipping any goods anywhere without stopping at an English port.

How did the enforcement of the Navigation Acts (or lack of) impact the colonies through the Navigation Acts?

The oppressive legislation, taxation policy, restrictive voting and representation rights, and emerging social classes.

What issues were involved in triggering Nathaniel Bacon's Rebellion?

Black and white indentured servants and African slaves.

Who supported Bacon?

Led to the separation of church and state in America and, by extension, to the final sundering of relations between Great Britain and the American colonies.

What was the significance of the Great Awakening of the 1730s-40s?

Sugar sent to make rum, rum is sent back to drink, slavery

Why were seventeenth-century New England and the West Indies inter-related?

True

By 1750, most Americans were still very loyal to English subjects.

A revolt against colonial authority

What was Leisler's Rebellion?

Colonial New York

Where did Leisler's Rebellion take place?

Subsequent frontier policy and paying the war's expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution.

How was the French and Indian War part of a larger World War?

Battle of Quebec

What was the decisive battle in the French and Indian War?

Slaves couldn't travel without a written pass, were forbidden to learn to read and write

What was the legal status of slaves in the British colonies (particularly in the South)?

Agriculture, maritime activities

Which economic activities were the most common in the colonies?

central markets for colonies' crops, ores, and other output, and they stimulated the colonial "industry" of artisans and craftsmen

What role was played by colonial cities?

Not allowed to own property unless their husband died

What was the legal status for Anglo-American women in colonial times?

prohibited Anglo-American colonists from settling on lands acquired from the French following the French and Indian War (west of the appalachia)

What was the importance of the Proclamation of 1763?

American Colonists fought alongside the British army.

Describe the colonists' role in the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War)

support that tipped the balance of military power in favor of the United States and paved the way for the Continental Army's ultimate victory

Indicate the consequences of the French defeat for Americans.

armed conflict between the British Empire and Indian tribes following the 7 years war.

What was Pontiac's Rebellion?

The British received Quebec and the Ohio Valley. The port of New Orleans and the Louisiana Territory west of the Mississippi was ceded to Spain for their efforts as a British ally.

Assess the winners regarding the Treaty of Paris.

All French territory on the mainland of North America was lost.

Losers regarding the Treaty of Paris

Put the French and English against each other

Summarize the policy of Indian tribes living in the Ohio Valley during the colonial period.

North- educate for religion South - only for the rich

Compare the relative importance of formal education in the North and South.

Made people care about the freedom of the press

What was important about the case of John Peter Zenger?

known for murdering 20 Susquehannock men, women, and children in events collectively called the Conestoga Massacre.

Who were the Paxton Boys?

Central Pennsylvania

Where were the Paxton Boys from?

to terrorize local American Indians in the aftermath of the French and Indian War and Pontiac's War. Wanted to kill all indians

What was the Paxton Boys' purpose?

British colonisation boundary marked by the Appalachian Mountains

Proclamation of 1763