Databases & Data Management

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts related to databases, data management, cloud computing, information security, ethics, and decision-making processes.

Quality Data

Data that is accessible, accurate, complete, economical, relevant, reliable, secure, timely, and verifiable.

Data

Raw facts and figures (numbers, text, dates) with no context.

Information

Processed data that has meaning and value for decision-making.

Data Management

An integrated set of functions to obtain, certify, store, secure, and process data.

Data Governance

Defines roles and processes to ensure data reliability and usability.

Database

A structured collection of related data stored electronically.

DBMS (Database Management System)

Software that manages databases and provides an interface between users, applications, and data.

Entity

A person, place, or object for which data is collected.

Attribute

A characteristic of an entity.

ER Diagram

A graphical model showing entities, attributes, and relationships used to design databases.

Data Hierarchy

The structure organizing data from bit to database.

Primary Key

A field that uniquely identifies a record in a table.

Foreign Key

A field that links to the primary key in another table.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

A language used to create, retrieve, update, and manage data in databases.

Relational Database Model

Organizes data into tables with rows representing entities and columns representing attributes.

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

Systems that capture and process detailed data from routine business transactions.

Batch Processing System

Transactions that are collected over time and processed together.

OLTP System

Processes transactions immediately as they occur.

Enterprise System

A system that uses a shared database across the entire organization.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Integrates core business operations.

Supply-Chain Management (SCM)

Manages sourcing, production, warehousing, and delivery.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Manages customer interactions across sales, marketing, and support.

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

Manages product data from design to disposal.

Cloud Computing

Delivery of computing services over the internet.

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Cloud-based service that provides software to users over the internet.

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Cloud computing service that provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Cloud service that provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.

Public Cloud

Shared infrastructure providing low cost and scalability.

Private Cloud

Dedicated resources that provide higher security but at a higher cost.

Hybrid Cloud

A mix of public and private cloud that balances security and flexibility.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Network of physical objects with sensors and connectivity.

Digital Forensics

Identifying, preserving, and analyzing digital evidence for legal purposes.

Cryptography

Securing information through encryption.

CIA Triad

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability principles in information security.

Ethics

Standards of right and wrong for everyone.

Morals

Personal beliefs of right and wrong.

Professional Code of Ethics

Establishes ethical standards for a profession and builds trust.

Fair Information Practices

Guidelines governing collection, use, and protection of personal data.

Decision-Making Process

An 8-step process for making informed decisions.

Internet Censorship

Regulation of what can be viewed or accessed on the internet.