Unit 4 AP Human Geo

Superimposed Boundary

Drawn by outside powers

Controlled Boundary

Have a checkpoint

Militarized Boundary

Heavily militarized, discourages crossing

Open Boundary

Unguarded, easily crossed

Demilitarized Zone

Military activity is officially forbidden

Antecedent Boundary

Established before a large population was present

Demarcated Boundary

Identified by physical objects placed on the landscape

Geometric Boundary

Straight line or arc, drawn by people

Physical Boundary

Natural barriers such as rivers, mountains, deserts, oceans

Relic Boundary

Boundary no longer exists, but is still evident on the landscape

Allocational Dispute

Over rights to and use of natural resources

Definitional Dispute

Re interpretation of legal a document or map defining boundary

Locational Dispute

Over where a boundary should be delimited or demarcated

Operational Dispute

Over how a boundary functions

Shatterbelt

Located between two different and contentious locations

Exclusive Economic Zone

Up to 200 nautical miles exploration and extraction

Territorial Seas

Up to 12 nautical miles of full sovereignty

High Seas

Water beyond any country's EEZ, open to all states

Contiguous Zone

Up to 24 nautical miles limited sovereignty, customs, immigration

UNCLOS

Systematically addressed and defined water boundaries

Nation

A group of people with certain things in common, like culture

Multinational State

A country that contains more than one nation

Nation-State

A nation of people who fulfill the qualifications of a state

Stateless Nation

A cultural group that has no independent political identity

Multistate Nation

A nation with boarders that stretch across multiple states

Devolution

One or more regions given increased autonomy

Decolonization

Indigenous people reclaim sovereignty over their territory

Balkanization

Fragmentation of a state or region into smaller units (hostile)

Ethnonationalism

Support for the political interest of an ethnic group inside a state

Neocolonialism

Indirectly exerted control over developing countries (economic)

Electorate

Eligible Voters

Census

A count of the population

Reapportionment

Changing # of representatives due to current state population

Redistrict

Drawing of new electoral boundaries after population changes

Gerrymandering

Drawing political boundaries to protect the party in power

Nationalism

Feelings of patriotism, and loyalty toward one's country

Territoriality

Willingness by a person or people to defend space they claim

Regionalism

Loyalty to a portion of a country over loyalty to the country

Irredentism

A country seeks to annex territory with which it has cultural ties

Ethnic Separatism

Wanting a political split along cultural, tribal or govt lines

Annexation

Legally adding territory

Terrorism

Organized violence to create fear to advance a political agenda

Ethnic Cleansing

Purposeful removal of a group from its geographic area

Genocide

Organized mass killing of a people group

Subnationalism

People who have a primary allegiance to their traditional group

ASEAN

Advance this world region's economic growth Jakarta

NATO

Mutual defense of member states Brussels

USMCA

Stimulate free trade among members DC, Mexico City, Toronto

OPEC

Coordinate and unify policies to stabilize oil markets Vienna

WTO

Set fair guidelines for international trade Geneva