Procedures Study Guide (fall yr 2)

Another name for coronal plane

frontal

Another name for axial plane

transverse

Another name for sagittal plane

median

What plane are CT exams typically done in?

transverse

What does the T in CT stand for

tomography

What kind of conditions would a venogram demonstrate?

blood clots

Angiogram vs Arteriogram

• Angiogram - blood vessels

• Arteriogram - arteries specifically 

Difference between screening mammogram vs diagnostic mammogram

• screening - done once a year as a routine exam to screen for signs of cancer - patient is asymptomatic 

• diagnostic - symptomatic patient done to investigate suspicious new lumps or symptoms. May prompt additional views

When should you begin getting mammograms

age 40

More compression for a mammogram means what for images?

• decreased motion

• decreased tissue superimposition

• decreased radiation dose

• increased image quality 

How does the clock localization terminology work in mammography?

Upper Outer/Upper Inner/Lower Outer/Lower Inner

Clock hands number positions for each breast

EX) “upper outer quadrant of left breast at around 2 o’clock”

Where does the esophagus start and stop in the body (spinal levels)?

C6 - T11

What positioning line is perpendicular in a PA axial Caldwell Skull projection?

OML

What is the centering for an AP shoulder?

2” (2.5 cm) inferior to the coracoid process

How many degrees towards the heel should the CR be angled if the focus is the joints of the toes?

15 degrees

If the CR is angled 37 degrees for the AP Towne skull projection, what positioning line is being used?

IOML

Where is peristalsis strongest in the body?

the esophagus

For an AP Obl (LPO) projection of the spine, which side is in profile?

left side

What is the correct centering (spinal level) for an AP oblique projection of the esophagus?

T5-T6

What is the proper rotation amount for the RAO esophagus projection?

35-40 degrees

What is the proper degree of obliquity when doing oblique projections on BE studies?

35-45 degrees

What is the degree/direction of angulation for a PA Axial projection (BE)

30-40 degrees caudad

How much fluid do the kidneys excrete per day?

1-2L

What angle to the aorta do the kidneys sit at?

medially rotated 30 degrees

How long are the adult ureters?

10-12”

What spine level do the kidneys typically reside?

T12-L3

What angle should the patient roll to place the kidneys in the oblique position

30 degrees

Pressure sores appear within what time frame after unrelieved pressure (decubitus position)

1 hour

mini c-arm kVp range

40-78

Mobile x-ray unit battery/charges

1. Direct power - must be plugged in, radiation not constant (fluctuating)

2. Battery power - does not require being plugged in, provides near constant output like a 3 phase generator

3. Capacitor discharge - On board generator that functions like a single phase x-ray room

4. High frequency - Must be plugged in, constant radiation output

In surgery, what does CST stand for

certified surgical technologist

Is the circulator in surgery sterile or non-sterile?

non-sterile

Mini C-arm orbital rotation

150

T/F Weight loss AND weight gain require social and organizational support

True

What is an Orthoroentgenography

a long leg study

A ______ is considered a retrograde procedure, while a ______ is considered an antegrade procedure: IVU, VCUG

1. VCUG

2. IVU

portable radiographic units are categorized by ________

generators

What is another name for a reverse Colles’ with anterior displacement of the distal radius

Smith fracture

What views are normally done for a sternum? What if the patient can’t lay prone?

1. RAO, Lateral

2. LPO, horizontal lateral beam

Partial dislocation of a joint

subluxation

Fractures and their equivalent names:

1. Greenstick —> Hickory stick

2. Huchinson’s —> Chauffer

3. Blow-out —> Tripod

4. Depressed —> Ping-pong

5. Baseball —> Mallet 

6. Simple —> Closed

7. Reverse Colles’ —> Smith

8. Stress/fatigue —> March

What occurs in the integumentary system as patients age?

loss of texture and elasticity