const framing test 2

collar ties nailed how often?

horizontally nailed every 3 rafters, 48inches, no more than 4’ OC

lookouts

pieces under roof for gable ends, for overhang, supports overhang, protects walls

what does 1 square equal

10’ by 10’ or 100 sq ft

what is underlayment

tar paper, ice and water shield- temporary until roof shingles on

What does a roof deck need to be

flat, no chips, structurally sound

Tar paper sq ft 15lbs or 30lbs

15 lb= 432sq ft / 30 lb= 216 sq ft

What does 15lb tar paper mean in terms of weight?

For every 100 sq ft, felt weighs 15lbs

how many squares is 30lb felt paper

2 squares

What is a valley

change in slope on roof

what does ice and water shield do

prevents ice and water buildup under shingles

dimensional shingles

3 tab, 20-25 year

architectural shingles

timberline, multiple layers, 30-40 year

Roof material types

Asphalt shingles, Fiberglass, Clay tiles, Wood, Slate

Types of valleys

Woven valley (overlap) Open valley (flashing) Closed cut valley (cut near center line)

What does flashing do

prevents water from running down walls (step flashing, vent flashing, flashing cricket)

What does roof venting do

hot air removal

Roofing materials

drip edge, flashing(around chimney), venting, roof sealent

how to install drip edge and roofing

work from bottom to top

Ridge cap uses

Prevents water from entering, can have vent in it

Types of roof

gable, hip, gambrel, shed, flat, mansard, dutch

live load

weight of snow, wind, nature

dead load

weight of rafters, tarpaper, shingles

why are roof trusses strong

because nailed

strongback

“T” vert 2×6, horizontal 2×4 nailed together, pulls midspan up to elevation so all pieces flush, like bridging for flooring, for ceiling joist, incase people don’t crown boards

knee walls

special framing for bonus area, short walls must be insulated and have proper venting

rafter nailed to top plate with what 3 what nails

8d

Ceiling joint lap min of how many inches

3”

2 × 6 rafter, ridge?

2 × 8

What is a ridge?

board at top of roof that holds rafters together

purpose of drip edge

get water off roof so it doesn’t go under shingles

cuts on birds mouth

plumb cut and seat cut

what does fly rafter do

supports overhang, connects ridge to eave

shingle dimensions

1’ high, 3’ long, 3 tabs

dimensional vs architectural shingle years

dim- 30-35 3 tab / arch- 30-40

4 truss types

Fink (W), King post, Scissors, Gable end

purpose of brace for roof

as long as brace attached on front and back walls, when rafters nailed ridge will be perfectly straight (no gaps)

roofing materials

drip edge, venting, flashing, roof sealant

2 ways to frame roof

Conventional and stick built (built on site) or Truss rafters

Parts of roof

answers

seat cut should be as wide as top plate but no more than…

1/3 of width of rafter

The ends of each rafter or ceiling joists shall have not less than an __” supported on top plate.

1 1/2”

Openings in roof framing shall be framed with __ and ___ joists.

header and trimmer joists