Untitled Flashcards Set

Binary

A way of representing information using only two options.

Decimal

A way of representing information using ten options.

Bit

A contraction of 'Binary Digit'; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.

Byte

8 bits.

Overflow Error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large.

Round-off Error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise; the value is rounded.

Analog Data

Data with values that change continuously over time, such as music or position during a race.

Digital Data

Data that changes discretely through a finite set of possible values.

Sampling

A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring at regular intervals.

Lossless Compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing information.

Lossy Compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something where some information is lost.

Intellectual Property

A work or invention resulting from creativity, to which one has rights and may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Creative Commons

A collection of public copyright licenses enabling free distribution of copyrighted works.

Computing Device

A machine that can run a program, including computers and tablets.

Computing System

A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

Computing Network

A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

Path

The series of connections between computing devices on a network from sender to receiver.

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data sent in a fixed amount of time, measured in bits per second.

Protocol

An agreed-upon set of rules specifying the behavior of some system.

IP Address

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.

Internet Protocol (IP)

A protocol for sending data across the Internet assigning unique numbers to each device.

Router

A type of computer that forwards data across a network.

Packet

A chunk of data sent over a network.

Redundancy

The inclusion of extra components to maintain system operation during individual component failures.

Fault Tolerant

Can continue functioning in the event of individual component failures.

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet.

Domain Name System (DNS)

The system translating domain names into IP addresses.

Internet

A computer network consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

World Wide Web

A system of linked pages, programs, and files.

Digital Divide

Differing access to computing devices and the Internet based on various characteristics.

Scalability

The ability of a system to handle increased load or expand capacity without compromising performance.

SSL

Secure Sockets Layer

TLS

Transport Layer Security