BIOLOGY - Characteristics of Living Things

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Leaving Cert 2025

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9 Terms

1
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Hierarchy of biological organisation

  1. organism

  2. organ system

  3. organ

  4. tissue

  5. cell

  6. organelle

  7. molecule

  8. atom

2
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Internal/Cellular respiration

the chemical breakdown of food to release energy

3
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Anaerobic respiration

absence of oxygen e.g. some bacteria and fungi

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Aerobic respiration

with oxygen

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Excretion

the removal of waste products of metabolism.

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Egestion

the removal of undigested waste from the body

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Metabolism

the sum of all the processes within an organism

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Anabolism

simple molecules build into more complex ones e.g. photosynthesis

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Catabolism

the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones e.g. digestion