Civil Engineering Orientation - Key Terms (Pages 1-5)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from pages 1–5 of the notes.

Puente Colgante

First suspension bridge in Southeast Asia (1849–1852) in Manila; built by Ynchausti y Compañia and designed by Mafias Menchacatorre; originally Puente de Claveria; crossed Quiapo–Intramuros; pedestrian and horse/carabao-drawn traffic; later a precursor to modern suspension bridges.

Puente Grande (Espatia) / Jones Bridge

Later replacement of the earlier Puente Grande with a neo-classical Jones Bridge in the 1930s; signified modernization of Manila’s river crossings.

Jones Bridge

Neo-classical bridge designed by Juan Arellano, completed in the 1930s to replace the older Puente Grande.

Pasig River Lighthouse (Farola)

First masonry-built lighthouse in the Philippines, lighted in 1846 and deactivated in 1992; located at the Pasig River mouth; known locally as Farola.

Cavite Friar Lands

One of the oldest irrigation land systems; 17th-century Spanish royal lands granted to priests in Cavite; land subdivided into estates.

Cavite Friar Lands Estates

The four Cavite estates created from friar lands: Naic Estate, Santa Cruz de Malabon (Tanza) Estate, San Francisco de Malabon (General Trias) Estate, and Imus Estate.

Manila Fresh Water Supply Project (1867)

City-wide plan to supply Manila with fresh water; 1882 saw the first public water fountain; water sourced upriver.

Carriedo Waterworks / Carriedo Legacy

Foundation funded by the Carriedo legacy for Manila’s water system; Moriones established the municipal waterworks in 1878 using Carriedo funds.

General Plan for Railways (Luzon, 1876)

Comprehensive railway plan for Luzon totaling about 1,730 km; Manila–Dagupan segment included; led to development of Tutuban Station and Pampanga River crossing.

Five Tramways Concession (Manila, 1878)

Approval to construct five tramway lines linking Manila to its suburbs; crossing the river via Puente de Espana; planned main station at San Gabriel.

Puente Convalecencia / Ayala Bridge (1880)

Ayala Bridge completed in 1880; consisted of two spans connected by Isla de Convalecencia; crossing island hosting Hospicio de San Jose; originally wooden arches.

Manila–Dagupan Railroad: 1883 Approval

Study by Antonio dela Camara approved for a Manila–Dagupan railway project.

Manila–Dagupan Railroad: 1887 Construction Start

Construction of the Manila–Dagupan line began in 1887.

Manila–Dagupan Railroad: 1892 Completion

Entire line (195.4 km) completed and opened for commercial operation in 1892.

Spanish-Era Road System / Right of Way

18th–19th century road network development; formal right of way established; law protected routes and empowered public-domain road construction.

Pavement Types (Spanish Regime)

Two main types: cut adobe stone pavement (ordinario) and rubble-stone cobblestone; durability varied; cobblestones were rough and less bonded.

Organic Decree (1898) – Aguinaldo Government

Decree establishing four government departments, including War and Public Works, during the First Philippine Republic.

Malolos Constitution (1899)

Ratified constitution of the First Philippine Republic; formalized government structure and the Council of Government.

Benevolent Assimilation (1899) – Otis

US policy stated by General Otis asserting military governance (and later civilian transfer) of public property and transportation under US control.

Bureau of Engineering (Under US Army)

Engineering body placed under US Army authorities during the Benevolent Assimilation period; ports opened to foreign commerce.

Liceo de Manila (1900)

Foundation of a private school offering Maestro de Obras studies; forerunner of formal architecture/engineering education in the Philippines.

Reinforced Concrete Introduction (1900s)

Introduction of reinforced concrete in the Philippines; early application in construction such as the Masonic Temple (Grand Lodge of the Philippines) in Manila.