Reactions of aqueous ions

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24 Terms

1
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what colour is [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq)?

green solution

2
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + some OH- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

green solution → green ppt (goes brown on standing in air)

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2OH- → [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) + 2H2O (l)

3
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + XS OH- colour and equation

no further change

4
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + some NH3 colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

green solution → green ppt (goes brown on standing in air)

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2NH3 → [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) + 2NH4+

5
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + XS NH3 colour and equation

no further change 

6
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + CO32- colour and equation

ligand substitution 

green solution → green ppt

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + CO32- → FeCO3 (s) + 6H2O (l)

7
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what colour is [Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq)?

blue solution

8
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + some OH- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

blue solution → blue ppt

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2OH- → [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) + 2H2O (l)

9
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + XS OH- colour and equation

no further change 

10
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + some NH3 colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis 

blue solution → blue ppt

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2NH3 → [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) + 2NH4+

11
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + XS NH3 colour and equation

ligand substitution

blue solution → deep blue solution

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 4NH3 → [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ (aq) + 2H2O + 2OH-

12
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + CO32- colour and equation

ligand substitution

blue solution → blue-green ppt

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + CO32- → CuCO3 (s) + 6H2O (l)

13
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what colour is [Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq)

purple solution but may look yellow-brown due to some [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+ (aq)

14
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + some OH- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis 

purple solution → brown ppt (may look orange-brown)

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3OH- → [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3H2O (l)

15
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + XS OH- colour and equation

no further change

16
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + some NH3 colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

purple solution → brown ppt (orange-brown)

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3NH3 → [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3NH4+

17
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + XS NH3 colour and equation

no further change

18
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + CO32- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

purple solution → brown ppt (can look orange-brown) and CO2 gas evolved

2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3CO32- → 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3H2O + 3CO2

19
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what colour is [Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq)

colourless solution

20
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[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + some OH- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis 

colourless solution → white ppt 

[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3OH- → [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3H2O (l)

21
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[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + XS OH- colour and equation

hydrolysis/deprotonation

white ppt dissolves into colourless solution

[Al(H2O)6] + 4OH- → [Al(OH)4]- (aq) + 6H2O (l)

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + OH- → [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]- (aq) + H2O (l)

22
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[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + some NH3 colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

colourless solution → white ppt

[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3NH3 → [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3NH4+

23
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[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + XS NH3 colour and equation

no further change

24
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[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + CO32- colour and equation

deprotonation/hydrolysis

colourless solution → white ppt and CO2 gas evolved 

2[Al(H2O)6]3+ (aq) + 3CO32- → 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) + 3H2O + 3CO2