nigeria

all progressives congress

formed in 2013 for the 2015 election. President elect is from this party. Also won the majority of seats in the senate and the house of representatives in the 2015 election, but didn't win enough seats to override ability of PDP to block legislation. Alliance between: Action Congress of Nigeria, Congress for Progressive Change, and All Nigeria Peoples Party.

ANC

the Republic of South Africa's governing social democratic political party.

Biafra

a secessionist state in then southeastern Nigeria that existed from 30 May 1967 to 1970, taking its name from the Bight of Biafra. The inhabitants were mostly the Igbo people who led the secession due to economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria

boko haram

an Islamic extremist group based in northeastern Nigeria, also active in Chad, Niger and northern Cameroon. The group's leader is Abubakar Shekau

mahammadu buhari

the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. He is a retired Nigerian Army major general and was Head of State of Nigeria from 31 December 1983 to 27 August 1985, after taking power in a military coup d'état. The term Buharism is ascribed to the Buhari military government; he is Islamic

colonialism

the establishment, exploitation, maintenance, acquisition, and expansion of colony in one territory by a political power from another territory

constitutionalism

adherence to a constitutional government

corruption

a form of dishonest or unethical conduct by a person entrusted with a position of authority, often to acquire personal benefit. Corruption may include many activities including bribery and embezzlement, though it may also involve practices that are legal in many countries.

democratization

the process of a state moving from an authoritarian regime to a democratic political system

ECOWAS

regional group of fifteen West African countries. Founded on 28 May 1975, with the signing of the Treaty of Lagos, its mission is to promote economic integration across the region.

hausa fulani

people of West Africa and are Islamic; make up 29% of Nigeria's population

igbo

an ethnic group of southern Nigeria and they are Christian

independent national election commission

the electoral body that was designed to oversee elections in Nigeria

indirect rule

a term used to describe the British style of colonialism in Nigeria and India in which local traditional rulers and political structures were used to help support the colonial governing structure

international monetary fund

the "sister organization" of the world bank; it is working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty; in exchange for financial or technical assistance, a country must agree to a certain set of conditions that promote economic liberalization

goodluck jonathan

President of Nigeria from 2010 to 2015; he was an odd choice for president as he used to be a zoologist

military rule

political regime in which the military as an organization holds a preponderance of power

national assembly

a bicameral legislature created in the Nigerian constitution based on the U.S. legislature and is made up of the senate and the House of Representatives

Nigeria labor congress

an umbrella organization for trade unions in Nigeria

olusegum obasanjo

a former Nigerian Army general who was President of Nigeria from 1999 to 2007. A Nigerian of Yoruba descent, Obasanjo was a career soldier before serving twice as his nation's head of state, as a military ruler from 13 February 1976 to 1 October 1979 and as a democratically elected

OPEC

an organization dedicated to achieving stability in the price of oil, avoiding price fluctuations, and generally furthering the interests of the member states

parastatals

a legal entity that undertakes commercial activities on behalf of an owner government.

plurality vote

a voting system where the candidate with the most votes wins

prebendalism

patterns of political behavior that rest on the justification that official state offices should be utilized for the personal benefit of the officeholders as well as of their support group or clients

regime change

the replacement of one regime with another; may replace all or part of the state's most critical leadership system, administrative apparatus, or bureaucracy

rentier state

a country that obtains much of its revenue from the export of oil or other natural resources

rule of law

term that means that no official is immune to the law ad that law should govern a state rather than the decisions of a leader

sharia law

Islamic law derived mostly from the Qu'ran and the examples set by the Prophet Muhammad in the Sunnah

state corporatism

a state where interest groups become a institutionalized part of the state structure

structural adjustment program

programs established by the IMF and the World Bank intended to alter ad reform the economic structures of highly indebted developing countries as a condition for receiving international loans; they often require privatization, trade liberalization, and fiscal restraint, which typically requires the dismantling of social welfare systems

the national question

a short work of Marxist theory written by Joseph Stalin in January 1913 while living in Vienna. First published as a pamphlet and frequently reprinted, the essay by the ethnic Georgian Stalin was regarded as a seminal contribution to Marxist analysis of the nature of nationality and helped to establish his reputation as an expert on the topic.

the peoples democratic party

political party that has a conservative stance on social issues and a neoliberal stance on economic issues because they favor free markets

world bank

provides low-interest loans, no-interest credit, policy advice, and technical assistance to developing countries with the goal of reducing poverty

yoruba

an ethnic group of Southwestern and North central Nigeria and follow a traditional African religion known as Aborishs