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This joint is moveable
Synovial
This joint is immovable
Synarthrosis
Turning or facing upward such as your palms
Supination
Turning a bone away from the body
External Rotation
Attaches bone to bone
Ligament
Attaches muscle to bone
Tendon
Sexually transmitted infection. An important focused history question with a male GU assessment. Have you ever had or been treated for a STI?
STI
The proper sequence of auscultation, percussion, and palpation of the abdomen. This sequence follows the flow of the large intestine.
RLQ, RUQ, LUQ, LLQ
A condition in which there is a lack of intestinal activity. Peristalsis is decreased or absent. Common after surgery particularly abdominal surgery.
Ileus
An assessment finding on percussion of the abdomen that indicates the presence of air or gas. An expected finding unless extremely high-pitched tympanic sounds are heard with distention.
Tympany
An assessment finding on auscultation of the abdomen - decreased bowel sounds defined as < 5 sounds per minute.
Hypoactive bowel sounds
A concave contour of the abdomen noted on inspection.
Scaphoid contour
The location of the stomach in the abdomen.
LUQ
The medication is absorbed in the cheek
Buccal
Which tablet cannot be crushed?
Enteric coated
After meals
PC (post cibum)
Another name for an order that is a protocols
Standing order
Four times a day
QID
At bedtime
HS
An abbreviation for an order that is given immediately and only once.
STAT
Flat, brown, less than 1 cm, non-palpable lesion. Examples include freckles, petechiae, birthmarks, Mongolian spot
Macule
Discoloration of the skin resulting from bruising or bleeding under the skin
Ecchymosis
Assessment tool to predict pressure sore risk. If any skin breakdown is noted based on the 6 risk factors.
Braden Scale
Mole screening for possible melanoma
ABCDE (Asymmetry, irregular Borders, Color, Diameter, Elevation/Enlargement)
Refers to the elasticity of the skin. Generally checked on sternum or under clavicle
Turgor
Bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation, cold, or low oxygenated state.
Cyanosis
Abnormal skin finding -- pale skin
Pallor
This sound is best heard over the trachea and is harsh/high-pitched
Bronchial
RR <10 breaths per minute
Bradypnea
Shortness of breath is also called
Dyspnea
Where does gas exchange take place?
Aveoli
Which lung has 2 lobes?
Left
What is the primary stimulus for breathing?
Hypercapnia
Which sounds is normal to hear when percussing a lung?
Resonance
Turbulent blood flow with a swooshing or blowing sound when auscultating the heart
Murmur
Decreased heart rate, below 60 bpm.
Bradycardia
Assessed by bilaterally & simultaneously using the thumb and forefinger to squeeze the fingernail or toenail until it blanches and release; normal finding for color to return is… less than 3 seconds
Capillary Refill
The "dub" heart sound and is caused by the closure of the aortic & pulmonic valves marking the end of systole
S2
Carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, & posterior tibial are all types of these… normal findings are for these to be strong and equal bilaterally (Amplitude +2)… +3 Bounding, +1 Diminished; weak, 0 Absent, unable to palpate
Pulses
Located at the left 3rd intercostal space; S1 & S2 are located here
Erb's Point
The "lub" heart sound and is the start of systole when the mitral & tricuspid valves close
S1
Applies to ALL patients. Think barriers. Wear gloves when touching any body fluids or when you anticipate you will be touching body fluids. Wear goggles/gown when ou anticipate splashing of fluids.
Standard Precautions
Holistic Communication Acronym, stands for C=Center yourself, L=Listen wholeheartedly, E= Empathize, A=Attention - Be fully present, R=Respect.
CLEAR - Acronym
The process of intentional and reflective judgment about a problem where the focus is on clinical decision-making to provide safe and effective care. Answers the question - What if?
Critical Thinking
An assessment technique is a visual examination that is deliberate, purposeful, and systematic. Not to be hurried.
Inspection
Data gathered from the Health History. Includes what the client says/feels and communicates.
Subjective Data
Begins at first contact and is your overall impression of the client. Includes physical appearance, gait, and mental status among other assessments.
General Survey
Data gathered about the client's health history, health conditions and diseases, family health history, lifestyle risk appraisal and symptoms (subjective data).
Health History
Most targeted spot for breast cancer
Upper outer quadrant
Irregular periods 2-8 years before menopause
Perimenopause
One’s own internal sense/interpretation of their gender. May not conform to gender expression or assigned sex
Gender Identity
An infection-induced inflammation of the female upper reproductive tract that is most frequently caused by untreated chlamydia or gonorrhea
PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
Screening that should be completed on every patient at every hospital encounter
Abuse/Safety Screening
Bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections of the reproductive tract caused by microorganisms transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sexual intercourse.
STI (Sexually Transmitted Infection)
Routine pulse oximetry screening on all newborns
CCHD screen (Critical Congenital Heart Disease)
Period of time when newborn is alert, moving, may appear hungry, birth until up to 2 hours of age
First period of reactivity
Blue hands and feet, a normal finding of a newborn up to 24 hours
Acrocyanosis
fever, extreme mood swings, and foul-smelling lochia are all these
Postpartum Warning Signs
Focused Postpartum Assessment Acronym (Breasts, Uterus, Bladder & Bowel, Lochia, Episiotomy/Epidural site, Extremities, and Emotional Status)
BUBLEEE
Serosanguinous, pink/brown discharge commonly seen on days 4-10 postpartum
Lochia Serosa
Type of heat loss when newborn is placed on a cold scale
Conduction
This is an inhaled analgesic used in labor
Nitrous Oxide
These include: engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, and expulsion
Cardinal Movements
Hormone that stimulates uterine and breast (duct) development
Estrogen
An opening between the right and left atrium where blood mixes with the small amount of deoxygenated blood returning from the fetal lungs through the pulmonary veins.
Foramen Ovale
Bacteria that lives in the vagina and/or rectum that does not harm patient but can harm a newborn
Group Beta Streptococcus (GBS)
These are changes observed by the examiner. They may have other causes and do not confirm pregnancy.
Probable or Objective Changes
A woman who has had two or more pregnancies
Multigravida
Pain experienced in an amputated limb is an example of this type of pain
Phantom pain
A sprain is an example of this type of pain
Deep somatic pain
Paper cut is an example of this type of pain
Cutaneous pain
Menstrual cramps are an example of this type of pain
Visceral pain
Appropriate pain scale for a 13 month old patient
FLACC Pain Scale
Cranial nerve can be tested by having the patient smile, frown, raise eyebrows, puff cheeks
Cranial Nerve VII (facial)
Cranial nerve can be tested by having the client stick out their tongue and move side to side
Canial Nerve XII (hypoglossal)
Includes an assessment of time, place, person and situation
level of consciousness (LOC)
Includes as assessment of eye response, verbal response, and motor responses
Glasgow Coma Scale
Can be tested by having the patient sniff an aromatic substance
Cranial Nerve I (olfactory)
Involves intellectual and behavioral function
Cerebral
Coordinates skeleton and muscles movement, regulates muscle tone and responsible for maintaining body posture
Cerebellar
Uses a tuning fork placed at the top of the head to determine if sound is same in both ears
Weber test
Uses a tuning fork to test air conduction and bone conduction and only indicated if a preliminary test is positive
Rinne test
Can be used to assess distance vision
Snellen Chart
Extraocular Movement can be tested by doing this assessment
6 Cardinal Fields
Air-filled cavities to decrease the weight of the skull
Sinuses
allows the eyes to focus on near objects as they get closer to the face
Accommodation
Typically is nonpalpable
Thyroid gland
Appropriate pain scale for an adult with no deficits
Numeric Pain Intensity Scale
How gender is externally expressed, not limited to dress, mannerisms, or behavior
Gender Expression
These breakdown old and damaged bone
Osteoclasts
Appropriate pain scale for a 18 year old with cognitive impairment
Faces Pain Scale