Endocrine Glands & Hormones

anterior pituitary

the master gland; produces and secretes hormones that control that activity of other glands

posterior pituitary

this gland does not produce hormones, but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.

thyroid gland

secretes thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), calcitonin

parathyroid gland

produces parathyroid hormone (PTH)

adrenal cortex

secretes aldosterone and cortisol

adrenal medulla

secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine (NE)

pancreas

secretes insulin and glucagon

ovaries

secretes estrogen and progesterone

testes

secretes testosterone

pineal gland

secretes melatonin

thymus gland

secretes thymosin

hGH (human growth hormone)

stimulates secretion of hormones that stimulate body growth and metabolism

TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)

stimulates growth of thyroid gland and secretions of its hormones

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

stimulates sperm production; stimulates oocyte production and estrogen secretion

LH (luteinizing hormone)

stimulates secretion of testosterone; triggers ovulation and stimulates secretion of estrogen and progesterone

PRL (prolactin)

stimulates production and secretion of milk

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

stimulates secretion of hormones by adrenal cortex

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

decreases water loss in urine by returning water to the blood

OT (oxytocin)

stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection during suckling

T4 (thyroxine)

increases metabolism and basal metabolic rate (BMR)

T3 (triiodothyronine)

increases metabolism and basal metabolic rate (BMR)

calcitonin

decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts

PTH (parathyroid)

increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone matrix

aldosterone

decreases sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium and water to the blood

cortisol

increases resistance to stress, increases blood glucose levels and decreases inflammation

epinephrine/ norepinephrine (NE)

promotes fight or flight response

insulin

decreases blood glucose levels by transporting glucose into body cells

glucagon

increases blood glucose by stimulating liver breakdown glycogen into glucose

estrogen/progesterone

stimulates development of female sex characteristics; helps regulate menstrual cycle

testosterone

stimulates development of male sex characteristics; stimulates male sex drive and regulates sperm production

melatonin

helps to set biological clock or circadian rhythm; regulates day and night cycle

thymosin

promotes the maturation of "T" cells for the immune response

hormones of the anterior pituitary

produces hGH, TSH, FSH, LH, PRL & ACTH

leptin

targets hypothalamus to signal satiety

ovaries

What is G?

testes

What is H?

adrenal glands

What is E?

pituitary gland

What is B?

thymus

What is D?

pancreas

What is F?

pineal gland

What is C?

thyroid

What is A?

thyroid

What is A?

parathyroid

What is B?