Immunity Summary 1

Vocabulary flashcards covering innate and adaptive immune system concepts from the lecture notes.

Innate immunity

Also called inherited or inborn immunity; non-specific defense that includes the 1st and 2nd lines of defense.

Adaptive immunity

Also called acquired immunity; specific defense that includes the 3rd line of defense.

First line of defense

Skin and mucous membranes acting as mechanical barriers.

Second line of defense

Chemical defenses, inflammation, phagocytosis, fever, and NK cells.

Third line of defense

The adaptive immune response; involves T- and B-cells.

Neutrophils

A key phagocytic white blood cell in innate immunity.

Macrophages

Phagocytic cells derived from monocytes; digest pathogens and present antigens.

Mast cells

Immune cells that release histamine and other mediators during inflammation.

NK cells

Natural killer cells; kill infected or malignant cells without prior sensitization.

T-cells

Lymphocytes that mature in the thymus and mediate cellular immunity; include several subtypes.

B-cells

Lymphocytes that mature in the bone marrow and mediate humoral immunity via antibodies.

Helper T-cells

CD4+ T-cells that activate B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells.

Cytotoxic T-cells

CD8+ T-cells that kill infected or abnormal cells.

Regulatory T-cells

T-cells that modulate immune responses to maintain tolerance and prevent autoimmunity.

Memory cells

Long-lived T- or B-cells that provide a faster response upon re-exposure to antigen.

Plasma cells

Differentiated B-cells that produce antibodies.

Humoral immunity

Adaptive immunity component involving antibodies produced by plasma cells.

Cell-mediated immunity

Adaptive immunity component that involves T-cells and the killing of infected cells.