UK Legislation

What does the Duty of Candour require?

Healthcare professionals and organisations must be open and honest when things go wrong with care or treatment.

Which regulation ensures directors are competent and suitable for leadership roles?
A) Regulation 12
B) Regulation 5
C) Regulation 18
D) Regulation 7

B) Regulation 5 – Fit and Proper Person Requirement.

What does Regulation 12 require?

Safe care and treatment, including prevention of avoidable harm.

What does Regulation 18 cover?

Staff must be suitably qualified, competent, skilled, and experienced.

Human Rights Act 1998

Which article protects the right to life?
A) Article 2
B) Article 3
C) Article 8
D) Article 10

A) Article 2

Human Rights Act 1998

What does Article 3 prohibit in healthcare contexts?

Inhuman or degrading treatment — ensures healthcare avoids causing undue suffering.

Human Rights Act 1998

How does Article 8 (Right to privacy and family life) relate to healthcare?

It underpins confidentiality and informed consent; professionals must protect personal patient data.

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

What is “personal data” under GDPR?

Any information that can identify a person, directly or indirectly (e.g., name, NHS number, health records).

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

What is “special category data”?

Sensitive data such as health, genetic, biometric, or sexual orientation information that needs stricter protection.

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

Who decides how and why patient data is processed?

A) Data processor
B) Data controller
C) Data subject
D) Information Commissioner

B) Data controller

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

What are the six principles of GDPR in healthcare?

• Lawfulness, Fairness, Transparency

• Purpose Limitation

• Data Minimisation

• Accuracy

• Storage Limitation

• Integrity and Confidentiality

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

Within how many hours must data breaches be reported to the ICO?

Within 72 hours.

Data Protection Act 2018 & UK GDPR 2018

A nurse finds a USB drive with patient data lost in a public area. What must happen?

The breach must be reported to the ICO within 72 hours and affected patients must be informed if risk of harm exists.

Mental Capacity Act 2005

What does the Act provide?

A legal framework for making decisions on behalf of individuals who lack capacity.

Mental Capacity Act 2005

What is the Best Interests Principle?

Any decision for someone lacking capacity must be made in their best interests.

Mental Capacity Act 2005

What allows patients to make legally binding decisions about future healthcare?
A) Advance Decision
B) Gillick Competency
C) Duty of Care
D) Data Subject Rights

A) Advance Decision

Equality Act 2010

What are the nine protected characteristics?

Age, Disability, Gender Reassignment, Marriage/Civil Partnership, Pregnancy/Maternity, Race, Religion/Belief, Sex, Sexual Orientation.

Equality Act 2010

Which of the following is NOT a protected characteristic?

A) Socioeconomic status
B) Disability
C) Race
D) Religion

A) Socioeconomic status

Equality Act 2010

What must healthcare organisations do to comply with the Equality Act?

Make reasonable adjustments, ensure equality of access, and prevent discrimination.

Medicines Act 1968

What does this Act regulate?

Manufacture, supply, and prescribing of medicines in the UK.

Medicines Act 1968

Who can prescribe medicines?
A) Any healthcare worker
B) Pharmacists only
C) Authorised professionals (e.g., doctors, nurse prescribers)

C) Authorised professionals.

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

What is the main duty of employers under this Act?

To ensure health, safety, and welfare of employees and others affected by their work.

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

What is a key method used to maintain safety in healthcare settings?

Regular risk assessments.

Care Act 2014

What is the primary focus of this Act?

Promoting integrated care between health and social services and safeguarding vulnerable adults.

Care Act 2014

A nurse suspects neglect in an elderly patient. Under which Act must this be reported?

Care Act 2014 — Duty to safeguard and prevent abuse/neglect.

Children Act 1989 & 2004

What is the Paramountcy Principle?

The child’s welfare is the most important consideration.

Children Act 1989 & 2004

What is Gillick Competency?

Legal test to determine if a child under 16 can consent to treatment based on maturity and understanding.

Children Act 1989 & 2004

A 15-year-old requests contraception without parental consent. What principle applies?

Gillick Competency — if deemed competent, they can consent.

Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006

What is the purpose of this Act?

To protect children and vulnerable adults by barring unsuitable individuals from care roles.

Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006

What check is required for healthcare professionals working with vulnerable groups?
A) Fitness to practice
B) DBS check
C) Occupational health screen

B) DBS check.

Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 (IRR17)

What is the main purpose of IRR17?

To protect workers and the public from exposure to ionising radiation.

Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 (IRR17)

What is the annual radiation dose limit for healthcare staff?
A) 10 mSv
B) 20 mSv
C) 30 mSv

B) 20 mSv.

Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 (IRR17)

Who must be appointed to advise on radiation safety?

Radiation Protection Adviser (RPA).

Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 (IR(ME)R)

What does this regulation protect against?

Undue exposure to ionising radiation during medical procedures.

Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 (IR(ME)R)

What are the three key principles of radiation protection under IR(ME)R?

Justification, Optimisation (ALARP), and Authorisation.

Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 (IR(ME)R)

Who can authorise the use of ionising radiation on patients?

A) Any radiographer
B) IR(ME)R Practitioner (trained and entitled)
C) Referrer

B) IR(ME)R Practitioner.