COHESION AND COHERENCE

COHESION

It is derived from the word cohere, which means “to stick together”.

COHESION

It is the glue that holds a piece of writing together.

COHERENCE

•  ideas are logically connected to produce meaning.

COHERENCE

It is defined as the quality of being logical, consistent and able to be understood.

COHERENCE

It refers to how meanings and sequences of ideas relate to each other.

INCOHERENCE

‘I am a teacher. The teacher was late for class. Class rhymes with grass. The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. But it wasn't’ 

Cohesion

is related to ensuring that the words and sentences you use stick together.

Cohesion

• It relates to the micro level of the text.

Coherence

relates to the organization and connection of ideas whether they can be understood by the reader, and this is now concern with the macro level feature of a text.

CONTEXT CLUES

These are hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can use to understand the meanings of new or unfamiliar words.

DEFINITION/EXPLANATION

An unknown word is explained/defined within the sentence or in the sentence immediately after.

EXAMPLE

The text provides one or more examples used to define the term.

EXAMPLE

Celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon, and stars are governed by predictable laws.

SYNONYM

An author will use more than one word that means the same thing.

SYNONYM

For example, there may be a complex word followed by a restatement using a simpler word in the same or following sentence.

SYNONYM

His pertinacity, or stubbornness, is the cause of most of his trouble.

ANTONYM

The text may include a word or words that have the opposite meaning, which can reveal the meaning of an unknown term.

ANTONYM

The girl who used to be very vociferous doesn't talk much anymore.

INFERENCE

The meaning of an unfamiliar word can be inferred (guessed) from the description of a situation.

INFERENCE

The author provides non‐ specific clues, often spread over the sentence or number of sentences. 

INFERENCE

Katie’s belligerence surprised everyone. She threw her book across the room, glared at Chris, and then pushed him to the floor.